If asked to sterilize a heat sensitive material, which would you use:
B. ethylene oxide
Which is incorrect:
B. biofilms make bacteria more sensitive to antibiotics
Which is not a chemical agent used to control microbes:
D. filtration
Household bleach is used as common disinfectant because it has:
A. hypochlorite
Resistance to antibiotics can result from the following mechanisms, except:
A. underproduction of membrane components
Which has the highest energy:
A. phosphate anhydride bonds
All energy in a living system is derived from
- movement of electrons down an energy gradient
If G˚’<0 then:
- the reaction is exergonic and can occur spontaneously
If organism A uses H2S as an electon donor and Fe3+ as electron acceptor AND organism B uses methanol as electron donor and O2 as electron acceptor, which probably produces the most energy:
- Organism B (because O2 is electron acceptor)
During glycolysis: R-P +ADP à ATP + R. What is this an example of:
- substrate level phosphorylation
What is the main purpose of fermentation?
- Regeneration of NAD+
What is the purpose of the Kreb’s Cycle?
A. ALL
If a cell is not working properly and can’t convert pyruvate to acetyl CoA, what would be the total ATP production?
2 ATP
Which is produced in the Kreb’s Cycle and used for biosynthesis of amino acids?
A. Ketogluterate
Which of these are carried by NADH and FADH2 and ultimately lead to ATP in the ETC?
A. electrons & hydrogen ions
Which is true for NADH?
Has most negative Eo and greatest capacity to donate electrons.
Place in the correct order that electrons are transferred:
- NADH, FMN, Quinone, Cyt C, Cyt A, O2
Which electron carriers associated with electron transport are lipid soluble?
- Quinones
When glucose is used as an energy source and O2 is the final electron acceptor, how many ATP are formed:
C. 38
How is ATP produced?
- Harvesting the transmembrane gradient by ATP-synthase
Oxidation reductase pairs X/XH2 and Y/YH2 have reduction potentials of -50mV and +75mV. This means an electron would most likely be removed from ______ to reduce _____.
XH2, Y
Aerobic respiration differs from anaerobic respiration in which respect?
- The final electron acceptors are different
A bacteria converts nitrate to nitrogen gas. This process is called:
D. denitrification
Which microbes use CO2 as an electron acceptor?
D. a & b
Which is not a final electron acceptor during anaerobic respiration?
B. succinate
Place these in order of highest energy yield to lowest:
1. Respiration with O2 as electron acceptor
2. Respiration with nitrate as electron acceptor
3. Respiration with ferric ion as electron acceptor
4. Catabolism of substrate linked to ion transport
1. Respiration with O2 as electron acceptor
2. Respiration with nitrate as electron acceptor
3. Respiration with ferric ion as electron acceptor
4. Catabolism of substrate linked to ion transport
Which is incorrect for anoxygenic photosynthesis?
D. The electron donor is H20
The enzyme hydroxylamine oxidoreductase…
- oxidizes NH2OH to NO2
The enzyme nitrite oxidoreductase…
- oxidizes NO2 to NO3
In chemolithotrophic bacteria that use H2 as an electron donor, which is incorrect:
- acetic acid is produced at the terminal oxidase
In the nitrogen cycle, the final product of _____:
A. nitrification is ammonia
In autotrophic bacteria, CO2 is fixed by:
A. a,b, &c
Select the correct statements about nitrogenase:
1. Nitrogenase-reduces cyanide, acetylene, and other triple bonded compounds
2. Nitrogenase is transcriptionally regulated by oxygen, ammonia, and certain amino acids
3. Nitrogenase catalyzes the denitrification of ammonia
4. Nitrogenase is the terminal oxidase in anaerobic respiration
1 & 2
You dilute samples before plating in enrichment because:
- you want to dilute out weed species that grow quickly but aren’t that abundant
To eliminate the live-to-dead ratio of cells in sample, use:
C. Bac Light
Why are killed cell controls so important when using radioisotopes to measure microbial transformations?
D. Because some transformations can occur abiotically and controls will help you asses those abiotic transformations
Organism A converts cellulose to cellobiose. Organism B converts cellobiose to glucose. What is their relationship?
-Sytrophic
Which of the following is not mutualism?
A. Beggiatoa oxidation of H2O2
Each band on a DGGE gel represents ____:
D. A different phylotype/strain represented in the community DNA
If you have a group of various species of microorganisms that can all oxidize sulfide in a given habitat, this is called a _____
C. guild
Where is microbe activity highest in soil?
B. The rhizosphere
Select the incorrect statement about biofilms.
C. biofilms only cause medically related problems
In one common symbiotic relationship one of the associates benefits from association. The other is either harmed or even killed. This form of symbiosis is:
C. parasitic
Which of the following would be a reason for the observation that generally microbes grow more slowly in nature than they do in laboratory culture?
D. All of the above
A microbe that lives at a depth of 5000m in the ocean would be
E. more than one of the above, but not all
Which of the following is an incorrect statement about pelagic and benthic microbes?
D. Most benthic microbes are phototrophs
Choose the correct statement(s) about endoliths.
D. a,b,&c
The use of microbes to degrade and detoxify pollutants is known as
D. bioremediation
In competition for nutrients and resources, bacteria may secrete bacteriocins which are:
A. peptides that disrupt the cell membrane
Which of the following is not difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
