attrition is wearing away of the enamel because of ________ to _______ contact. can be caused by normal _________ or __________
tooth to tooth
occlusion
grinding
if someone has attrition, which one will wear away first? porcelain or tooth?
tooth, porcelain is stronger than enamel
abrasion is wearing away of the enamel caused by _____-_______ contact. usually caused by _____ toothbrushing and abrasive ________. be careful with polishing pastes you choose
non-tooth
hard
toothpaste
the wearing away caused by chemical means:
erosion
erosion is usually caused by ________ ________ in bulimics and people with severe ______ _______ or beverages with high acidity content such as _____ or ______ drinks (sucking on lemons too)
stomach acid
acid reflux
sports
soft
if acid comes in contact with your teeth, should you brush them right away?
how many minutes until it is safe to brush?
no
15 minutes
demineralization of enamel from the acid byproducts of cariogenic bacteria (plaque poop) create:
caries
caries occurs when the pH level is less than ______
5.5
enamel breaks away at the cervical margin of the tooth. may be caused by tensile and compressive forces during tooth flexure:
abfraction
what treatment is needed to fix an abfraction?
a class V filling (catches stain and needs replacement frequently)
while laying down the matrix, the ameloblasts backed into each other and it cut off their nutritional supply. this created incomplete enamel. what is formed?
deep pits and grooves
T/F the incomplete enamel is a pit or groove in the tooth that is too big for your toothbrush but small enough for bacteria
false! too small for toothbrush, big enough for bacteria
in pits and grooves, the bacteria pass through _____ in the enamel and start ________ the less calcified dentin and pulp beneath. this is what "_______" when you explore it
gaps
demineralize
sticks
why does it take a long time for bacteria to demineralize enamel?
because it is 98% calcified
sealants create a _________ so bacteria cannot _________ the pit or groove.
barrier
penetrate
________ fluoride helps form stronger crystalline structures while teeth develop
systemic
_________ fluoride helps to remineralize enamel after bacterial demineralization.
topical
what removes some of the organic portions of enamel to open gaps in the enamel so the sealant material can flow and increase surface attachment?
etching
how long after etching will a tooth repair itself?
one day
etching before placing a sealant allows ________ binding to occur
mechanical
stains from dark foods, drinks, and tobacco collect in the ___________ region (surrounding each of the enamel rods)
interprismatic
what is the interprismatic region?
the space between the enamel
tooth whitening products contain ________ products that will bleach out the stain from the _________ regions and reach all the way to bleach the ________. this is what causes _________
peroxide
interprismatic
dentin
sensitivity
when the dentin is bleached, it can cause sensitivity because the _________ ________ communicate ________ with the pulp (nerve supply) of the tooth.
