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State the structures of the Outer ear and it's function.
- Pinna external flap cartilage & collects the sound waves.
- External auditory meatus- opening of auditory canal.
- Auditory Canal- tube shape and lead to the tympanic membrane, it carries the sound waves toward the middle ear, lined with cilia.
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What are the parts of the Pinna?
- Helix- folded portion.
- Tragus- lead toward the lobe
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State the structures of the middle ear and their functions.
- 1. Typmanic membrane (ear drum)- separates external from middle ear
- Vibrates in response to sound waves.
- 2. Ossicles (tiny bones) malleus, incus, stapes
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State the structures of the inner ear.
- Oval Window
- Round Window
- The entire inner ear is filled with auditory fluid (perilymph & endolymph)
- Vestibule
- Cochela (snail like structure)
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State the structures lined with ceruminous glands and function of cerumen.
- The auditory canal is lined with cerumen glands.
- Cerumen (earwax) filters, lubricates and protects the ear from dirts, dust and microbes.
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State the function of eustachian tube with reference to tympanic membrane.
- The auditory tube that connects the midde ear to the pharynx (throat).
- It helps maintain equal pressure in the middle ear.
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What structures are responsible for maintenance of equilibrium? Where?
- The semicircular canal, Utricle & Saccule are responsible for equilibrium.
- In the inner ear.
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Trace sound waves from pinna to temporal lobe of the brain.
- Pinna
- External auditory Meatus
- Auditory Canal
- Tympanic membrane
- Ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)
- Oval Window
- Auditory Fluids
- Cochlea
- Organ of Corti
- Nerve (Auditory, Cochlear, VIII Cranial Nerve)
- temporal lobe of brain
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What is the medical term used to describe the Tympanic Membrane?
Myring/o
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What is the initial area just after the oval window?
Vestibule
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What is the essential "organ of hearing"?
Organ of Corti
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What is the appearance of a normal tympanic membrane?
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What is the appearance of an infected eardrum?
Red or pink
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What is the indication that there is fluid behind the eardrum?
Dull
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What is the instrument used during the examination of the ear?
Otoscope
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The specialist who performs an ear exam is?
Otorhinolaryngologist
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