-
The major component of surfactant in the lungs is this
DCPP (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine)
-
DCPP is produced by ____ and prevents ______.
type 2 epithelial cells, atelectasis
-
Phosphatidyl choline synthesis rate limiting step is _________ and is regulated by ______ and ___________..
- cytidylyl transferase reaction.
- cAMP, fatty acyl-CoA
-
phospholipase A1 and A2 can remove fatty acids from either carbon _ or Carbon _.
1, 2
-
acyl chains can be attached to the carbon that had the fatty acid removed by _______ or ______
Tranacylase or acyltransferase
-
Roles of cholesterol are:
- Membrane structure
- precursor to synthesis of steroid hormones and bile acids.
-
Deposition of cholesterol in coronary arteties can lead to _____.
Atherosclerosis
-
plasma cholesterol is in an _______ form with fatty acid attached to C_.
esterified, C3
-
All carbon atoms of cholesterol are derived from _____.
Acetate
-
API target for cholesterol is in step _.
Step 2,HMG-CoA converted to mevalonate
-
All reduction reactions of cholesterol biosynthesis use _____ as a cofactor.
NADPH
-
__#__ moles of ____ are consumed during the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate.
2, NADPH
-
HMG-CoA is most active in __________ state.
dephosphorylated
-
______ stimulates the removal of phosphate and thereby, activates HMG-CoA reductase activity.
Insulin
-
Statins affect blood cholesterol levels by inhibiting __________ in the liver which results in increased expression of ___ receptor gene.
Cholesterogenesis, LDL
-
Cholesterol is excreted in the ___ as free cholesterol or ____ ____ following conversion to _____ ____ in liver.
-
Most abundant bile acids in human are
- chenodeoxycholic acid
- cholic acid
-
Bile acid synthesis significance
Excretion is by feces is only mechanism for eliminating excess cholesterol.
- bile acids solubilize cholesterol, none in gall bladder
- facilitate digestion of TAGs acting as emulsifying agents.
- Facilitate absorption of fat soluble vitamins
|
|
