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Lipids are hydro____ and are derived from ________. Major functions are:
- hydrophobic
- Fatty acids
- 1) fuel store 2) constitute membranes 3) solubilize nonpolar substance in bodily fluids 4) signaling molecules.
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Fatty acids can be saturated or unsaturated (up to 6 double bonds) and have a(n) ______ number of carbon atoms.
Even, (12-24 carbons most common)
-
Numbering of fatty acid starts at the _____ end.
carboxyl
-
On a weight basis, TAG yields _____ times more ATP than pure glycogen.
2.5
-
Surfactants are also known as _____
Detergents (bile acids)
-
newly synthesized TAGs are packaged into special lipid rich globules called ______.
Chylomicrons.
-
VLDL and cylomicrons are hydrolyzed by _________
lipoprotein lipase.
-
Hormone sensitive lipase is _______ by insulin
inhibited
-
Prolonged fastin liver makes ________, ___________-, and ________.
- Ketone bodies
- acetoacetate
- B-hydroxybutyrate
-
Fatty acid biosynthesis occurs in the ________ and are made by modification of _________ acid.
Cytosol, palmitic acid.
-
Biotin is a ___________ that transfers the CO2 to acetyl CoA to yield __________.
Coenzyme, malonyl CoA
-
T/F citrate is an allosteric activator
True
-
T/F palmitoyl CoA is an allosteric Activator.
False, inhibitor
-
Palmitoyl-ACP is acted on by ______ to produce palmitic acid.
Thioesterase.
-
Fatty Acyl synthase
essential, but not rate limiting.
-
Fatty acid modifications by palmitate
- Elongation- ER or Mitochondria
- Desaturation- ER
- Hyroxylation- mitochondria
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