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Lecture 2 - Centralist Theories
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Centralist theories
propose CNS mechanisms for emotion
peripheral arousal not essential for emotion
centralist model of emotion
stimulus –> perception of stimulus –> activation of emotion brain centers –> arousal and facial expressions
motivational states
shaped by evolutionary pressures
function
motivate certain adaptive behaviors
ex. fear motivates escape
Fridja's Theory
Hohmann's Study - spinal cord injury studies
results
: in interview, ppl had decrease in anger, fear, sexual excitment
exception
: greater "sentiment" since injury (wept more)
Conclusion to Hohmann's Study
Visceral feedback important for emotion
Chwalisz, Cobos overall findings
spinal cord injury does NOT decrease emo. exp. compared to those who are disabled
Beta Blocker studies
drug given to heart patients because it reduces b.p. and h.r.
block ANS arousal
Bernadt study
subject were shown snakes and spiders with beta blockers or a placebo
results
: no difference in distance to snakes and spiders (arousal not essential)
James et al (1977) - Stage Fright studies
ppl felt less nervous and performed better on betta blockers
Herley et al. (1983) - Public speaking
Results: taking betta blockers decreases self-rating of anxiousness and observers rating also noted decrease in anxiousness
Conclusion to Stage Fright Studies
beta blockers decreases emotion
appears to support Schnachter and James-Lang theory
Harris Hypothesis
stage fright is a threat = physiological arousal
remove the physio. arousal take away the threat which also takes away the fear
Ax (1953) exp
Results: 7 of 14 measurements show difference btn anger and fear
Schwartz et al (1981) exp
Results
: diff. emo = diff SNS patterns
subtle differences
Shwartz Hypothesis of Anger and Fear
Diff. evolutionary fxn –> diff. SNS patterns (body is getting ready for those behaviors)
anger:need muscle strength, min. bleeding
fear:increase speed and endurance
Overall summary of Stage fright and beta blocker studies
arousal not necessary for emotion
arousal may intensify emotion
some emotions have diff. patterns of arousal (not as distinct as James imagined)
Author
maritza
ID
4768
Card Set
Lecture 2 - Centralist Theories
Description
Psyc 153 Lecture 2
Updated
2010-03-13T20:30:55Z
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