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ambiopia
diplopia
double vision caused by each eye focusing separately
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amblyopia
redcued vision that is ont correctable with lenses and with no obvious pathological or structural cause (dullness or dimness of vision)
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anisocoria
inequality in the diameter of the pupils of the eyes
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aphakia
absence of the lens of the eye
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Argyll-Robertson pupil
pupil that constricts upon accommodation but not in response to light
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biomicroscopy
slit-lamp exam
opthalmic examination of the eye by use of a slit lamp and a magnifying lens
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blephorachalasis
relaxation of the skin of the eyelid (usually the upper eyelid). skin may droop over the edge of the eyelid when the eyes are open
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belpharoptosis
drooping of the upper eyelid
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blepharospasm
twitching of the eylid muscles
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conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye
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cycloplegia
paralysis of the ciliary muscles of the eye
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dacryoadenitis
inflammation of the lacrimal gland
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dacryorrhea
excessive flow of tears
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ectropion
eversion (turning outward) of the edge of the eyelid
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emmetropia
a state of normal vision
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entropion
inversion (turning inward) of the edge of the eyelid
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episcleritis
inflammation of the outermost layers of the sclera
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esotropia
walleye
an obvious outward turning of one eye in relation to the other eye
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funduscopy
the examination of the fundus of the eye, the base or the deepest part of the eye, with an instrument called opthalmoscope through a procedure called opthalmoscopy
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hemianopia
hemianopsia
loss of vision or blindnessl in one-half of the visual field
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iridocyclitis
inflammation of the iris and ciliary body of the eye
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keratoconjunctivitis
inflammaiton of the cornea and the conjunctiva of the eye
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keratoconus
cone-shaped protrusion of the center of the cornea, not accompanied by inflammation
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keratomycosis
fungal growth present on the cornea
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lacrimation
secretion of tears from the lacrimal glands
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miosis
abnormal constriction of the pupil of the eye
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miotic
an agent that causes the pupil of the eye to constrict
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mydriasis
abnormal dilation of the pupil of the eye
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mydriatic
an agent causes the pupil of the eye to dilate
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nystagmus
involuntary, rhythmic jerking movements of the eye
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ophthalmologist
MD who specializes in the comprehensive care of the eyes and visual system in the prevention and treatment of eye disease and injury
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opthalmology
branch of medicine that speicalizes in the stdy of the diseases and disorders of the eye
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ophthalmopathy
any disease of the eye
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optic
pretaining to the eyes or to sight
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papilledema
swelling of the optic disc, visible upon ophthalmoscopic examination of the interior of the eye
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phacomalacia
softening of the lens of the eye
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photophobia
abnormal sensitivity to light, espcially by the eyes
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presbyopia
loss of accommodation for near vision; poor near-vision due to the natural aging process
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pupillary
pertaining to the pupil
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retinopathy
disease of the retina
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sclerectomy
excision of a portion of the sclear of the eye
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scotoma
an area of depressed vision (blindness) within the usual visual field, surrouinded by an area of normal vision
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uveitis
inflammaiton of the uveal tract of the eye, which includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid
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vitreous
pertaining to the vitreous body of the eye
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astigmatism
refractive error causing light rays entering the eye to be focused irregularly on the retina due to an abnormally shaped cornea or lens
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blepharitis
acute or chronic inflammation of the yelid margins stemming from seborrheic allergic, or bacterial origin
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chalazion
a cyst or nodule on the eyelid, resulting from an obstruction of a meibomian gland, which is responsible for lubricating the margin of the eyelid
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exophthalmia
abnormal protursio of the eyeballs, usually with the sclera noticeable over the iris
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glaucoma
ocular disorders identified as a group due to the increase in intraocular pressure
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hordeolum
stye
bacterial infection of an eyelash or sebaceous gland originating with redness, swelling, and mild tenderness in the margin of the eyelash
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hyperopia
refractive error; lens of the eye cannot focus on an image accurately, resulting in impaired close vision that is blured due to the light rays being focused behind the retina because the eyeball is shorter than normal; far-sighted
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hyphema
hypemia
bleed into the anterior chamber of the eye
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keratitis
corneal inflammation caused by a microorgansim, trauma to the ye, break in the sensory innervation of the cornea, a hypersensitiivty reaction, or treaing defect
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myopia
refractive error; nearsightedness
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nyctalopia
night blindness
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ophthalmia neonatorum
purulent (contains pus) inflammaiton of the conjunctiva and/or cornea in the newborn
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pterygium
irregular growth developing as a fold in the conjunctiva, usually on the nsal side of the cornea, that can disrupt vision if it extends over the pupil
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retinal tear
opening in the retina that allows leakage of vitreous humor
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scotoma
one or both eyes that has a decreased visual function
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strabismus
failure of the eyes to gaze in the same direction due to weakness in the muscles controlling the position of one eye
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synechia
adhesion in the eye that develops as a complication of trauma or surgery or as a secondary condition of one of the following pathaological conditions: cataracts, glaucoma, keratitis, or uveitis
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trachoma
infectious disease; chronic and will ead to blidness without effective treatment
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uveitis
inflammation of all or part of the middle vascualr layer of the eye made up of the iris, the ciliary body, and the choroid
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electronystagmography
group of tests used in evaluating the vestibulo-ocular reflex
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electroretinogram
recording of the changes in the eletrical potential of the retina after the stimualtino of light
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fluorescein staining
applicaiton of a fluorescein-stained sterile filter paper strip moistened with a few drops of serile saline or sterile anesthetic solution to the lower cul-de-sac of the eye to visualize a corneal abrasion
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gonioscopy
process of viewing the anterior chamber
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iridectomy
extraction of a small segment o fthe iris to open an anterior chamber angle and permit flow of aqueous humor between the anterior and posterior chambers, thus relieving the person's intraocular pressure
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keratoplasty
transplantation of corneal tissue from one human eye to another to improve vision in the affected eye
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pachymetry
measurment of the thickness of the cornea
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phacoemulsification
method of removing a lense by using ultrasound vibrations to split up the lens material into tiny particles tha tcan be suctioned out of the eye
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retinal photocoaulation
surgical procedure that uses an arogn laser to treat conditions such as glaucoma, retinal detachment, and diabetic retinopathy
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tonometry
process of determining the intraocular pressure by calulating the resistance of the yeball to an applied force causeing indentation
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trabeculectomy
surgical excision of a poriton of corneoscleral tissue to decrease the intraocualr pressure in persons with severe glaucoma
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trabeculoplasty
surgical creation of a permanent fisutla used to drain fluid (aqueous humor) from the eye's anterior chamber, ususally performed under general anesthesia
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