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Physical vs Human Geography
- physical: nature (climate, terrain, etc.)
- human: man-made (cities, culture, etc.)
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Demographics
- Population Characteristics:
- religion
- culture
- size
- education
- wealth
- genders
- health
- race
- economics
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Culture
- Material: food, clothes, buildings, arts, crafts, tech
- Nonmaterial: language, religion, government, education, spiritual beliefs, behavior, attitudes > genders
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Latitude/Longitude
- imaginary lines that form a grid over the globe
- absolute location
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Climate
- weather patterns
- typical over long period of time
- depends on:
- elevation
- latitude
- location reative to landforms and water
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Diffusion
- process by which element is transmitted
- migration
- trade
- empires
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Cultural Convergence
- elements from a culture meet with another culture
- skills, arts, ideas, habits, institutions, etc.
- stronger transportation+communication > more convergence
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Cultural Divergence
- restricted transportation + communication > limitting of cultural contact
- usually done by govmt.
- EX movement, news, internet, radio, TV
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Life Expectancy
- The age most people in a region are expected to reach
- DEMOGRAPHY
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Literacy Rate
- % of peopl ^15 who can read and write
- DEMOGRAPHY
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Population
(births + immigrants) - (deaths + emmigrants)
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Overpopulation
country/region does not possess enough resources to provide for entire population
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Population Density
Number of people/sq mile
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Zero Population Growth
(births + immigrants) - (deaths + emmigrants) = 0
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Per Capita GDP
Total value of all items made/ population
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Sustainability
- Meeting the needs of present people wifhout comprimising the ability of future generations to meet their needs
- EX: replanting trees after foresting
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Three Es
- Environment
- Economy
- Equity
- triangle: connect
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Demographic Indicators of Development
- GDP
- standard of living
- levels of education and health-care
- transportation
- communication
- diet/food
- life expectancy
- literacy rate
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Productivity
The time it takes to make something / how many of that thing you can make
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Resource
- Natural Resource: material in the natural environment that people use
- Renewable Resource: constantly being regenerated or replaced by the environment
- Nonrenewable Resource: cannot be replaced for millions of years once it is used
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Agricultural Revolution
- Great avancement made in farming
- technology
- methods
- crop types
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Medical Revolution
the creation of vaccines and antibiotics
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Industrial Revolution
- transfer from human power to machine power
- mass production
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Migration, Immigration, Emigration
- A permanent move from one place to another
- Imm: enter new country
- Em: leave country
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Push + Pull Factors
Conditions that attract or repel people to/from a region
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Brain Drain
When many educated people leave a region
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Nation vs. State
Same thing
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Country Development Stages
- Village
- Town
- City
- City-State
- Empire
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Development
- ->large work force
- ->advanced tech
- ->large population
- Uneven: most countries = high end or low end, not in the middle
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MDC
- More Developed Country
- many industries
- advanced technology
- manufactured goods
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LDC
- Less Developed Country
- few industries
- poor technology
- hand-made goods
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