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Characteristics of a Nation (4)
- Territory
- Population
- Soveriegnty
- Government
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Territory (NC)
land, water, natural resources within boundaries
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Population (NC)
- demography
- govmt > protection = people > taxes, military, other obligations
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Soveriegnty (NC)
- country rules itself
- acts independantly, makes own laws, etc
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Goverment (NC)
- institution that makes and enforces policies
- provides for society's needs
- keeps order
- protects society
- provides services
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Government Structures (3)
- Unitary
- Federation
- Confederation
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Untitary System (Structure)
- one central govmt
- makes all laws
- limited power to local govmts
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Federation (Structure)
- main govmt has most power
- local govmts have some power
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Confederation (Structure)
most power in local govmts
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Authoritatian (Authority)
- Small gorup of leader holds most power
- Types: Monarchy, Dictatorship, Totaltarianism
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Monarchy (Form)
- royalty hods power
- sometimes constitutional
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Dictatorship (Form)
Small group or single person holds all power
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Totaltarianism (Form)
small group controls everything (politics, economy, daily life)
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Democracy (Authority)
- Citizens hold most power
- Types: Republic/Representative Democracy, Pure Democracy
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Republic
Representative Democracy
(Form)
- citizens vote for reps
- reps make decisions
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Pure Democracy (Form)
everyone votes on every decision
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Economy
- Goods + Services:
- what?
- how much? (many)
- produced how?
- wealth distributed how?
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Types of Economy (4)
- Traditional
- Market/Free Enterprise
- Command
- Mixed
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Traditional (ES)
- bartering/trading
- subsitence, only provides for region
- no surplus
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Market/Free Enterprise (ES)
- private groups decide production deatails and cost
- supply and demand
- govmt plays small role:
- provides services (post, roads, school)
- small regulations
Capitalism
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Command (ES)
- controlled by govmt
- owns/operates businesses
- determines production
Communism
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Mixed (ES)
- balance of market/command
- socialism
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Economic Activities (4)
- Primary
- Secondary
- Tertiary
- Quaternary
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Primary Sector (EA)
- relies directly on natural resources
- EX farming, hunting, gathering, mining, forestry
- Subsistence Farming:
- things grown to eat/use immediately
- low tech, time consuming
- Commercial Farming:
- crops and livestock grown for market
- modern tech used > more productive
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Secondary Sector (EA)
- use of raw material to make something more valuable
- Cottage Industries:
- small, near home & by hand
- Commercial Indeustries:
- factories near cities, high production
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Tertiary Sector (EA)
- services
- medical, law, civilian protection, etc
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Quaternary Sector (EA)
- getting, processing, sharing information
- education, govmt, research, office
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