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Thyroid gland
A gland that makes and stores hormones that help regulate the heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and the rate at which food is converted into energy
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lungs
organ used to breathe
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heart
organ used to pump blood through blood vessels
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diaphragm
muscular sheer sepertating the thoracic and abdominal cavities; used to ventilate the lungs of mammals
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liver
large multilobed organ of the abdonminal cavity located just causal to the diaphragm; secretes bile, filters toxins and nutrients from the blood and stores sugars.
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gall bladder
organ located on the underside of the liver which stores bile and releases it into the duodenum
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stomach
large U shaped digestive reservoir for food. the stomach not only stores food but breaks down food using its own chemicals
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mesentery
connective membrane that suspends body organs in the abdominal cavity and holds them together
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pancreas
granular organ located along the left margin of the duodenum and the caudal margin of the stomach; produces digestive enyzmes and a variety of hormones
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pericardial membrane
thin tissue surrounding and protecting the heart
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ventricle, left and right
large muscular chamber of the heart that pumps blood out of the heart into an artery.
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coronary arteries
one of seven small arteries located on the ventral surface of the heart that supply freshly-oxygenated blood to the tissue of the heart
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vena cava (cranial and caudal)
cranial-major vein returning deoxygenated blood from the upper extemities of the body to the right atrium of the heart.
caudel- major vein returning deoxygenated blood from the lower extremities of the body to the right atrium of the mammalian heart
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auricle
flap like outer region covering the cranial portion of the atrium
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atrium (left and right)
chamber of the heart that recieves blood
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common carotid arteries
supplies head and neck with oxygenated blood
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pulmonary artery and vein
artery- short blood vessels which in the aduly, carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs
vein- blood vessels which in the adult, carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
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aorta
large artery arising from the left ventricle that distributes blood to the regions of the body.
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ductus arteriosus
short connection joining the pulmonary trunk with the aorta and allowing a portion of the blood from the pulmonary trunk to enter the aorta instead of flowing to the lungs; found only in the fetus
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brachiocephalic vein and trunk
major branch of the aorta that spplies blood to the head and upper trunk region of the body
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jugular veins (internal and external)
brings deoxygenated blood from the head to the heart
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renal arteries and veins
artery-supply kidneys with blood
veins-drain kidneys
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scrotal sacs
pouch extend from the caudal region of the male which contains the testes. Their presence allows the temperature of the testes to be maintained at a slighter lower temperature than that of the abdominal cavity.
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umbilical cord
attatchment between the maternal placenta and the fetus though which gases, nutrients and nitrogenous wastes are transported during embryonic development.
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urogenital opening
opening of the urethra or the urogenital sinus through which urine passes as it is elimiated from the body
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soft palate
cartilaginous region of the roof of the mouth that seperates the oral cavity from the nasal passageway located toward the back of the mouth
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tongue papillae
tastebuds?
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epiglottis
cartiligious flap that covers the glottis to prevent food from entering the larynx and trachea when swallowing.
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glottis
opening in the oral cavity that leads from the nasopharynx to the larynx and tracea. sound
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esophagus
connects mouth to stomach
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pancreatic duct
canal though which digestive enzymes produced by the pancreas are transported to the duodenum.
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common bile duct
tuble thorugh which bile is transported from the liver to the gallbladder and from the gallbladder to the duodenum.
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spleen
ductless vascualr organ in the abdominal cavity that is a component of the circulatory system; stores blood, recycles worn out red blood cells and produces lymphocytes
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duodenum
first portion of the small intestine; functions primarily in final stages of chemical digestion and begins the process of nutrient absorption
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lleum
absorb products of digestion not absorbed in the jejunum
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jejunum
middle portion of the small intestine extending from the duodenum to the ileum; primaryly responsible for nutrient absorbtion.
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cecum
serves as a sac where fermintation of cellulose occurs.
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colon
portion of large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum that functuons primarily in reabsorbing water that has been added during the digestive process.
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rectum
distal end of the intestinal tract; primary function is to reabsorb water and produce dry, concentrated feces
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subscapular vein
accompany the subscapular artery to drain into the auxilary veins
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subclavian vein and artery
artery- recieve blood from top of aorta
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auxiliary veins
conveys blood to the heart
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hepatic portal vein
large vessel that caries nutrient-rich and toxin-laden blood from the small intestines and pancreas to the liver for detoxification and regulation of nutrient release before the blood passes to the rest of the body
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mesenteric arteries and veins
artery- supplies intestine
vein- drains blood from intestine
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cephalic vein
drains blood to auxiliary veins
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external iliac veins and arteries
artery- carries blood to lower limb
veins-
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femoral artery and vein
returns oxygentated blood to heart
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umbilical arteries and vein
arteries- paired vessels that carry blood from the fetus to the placenta
vein-single vessel that carries oxygen and nutrient-rich blood to the fetus from the fetal side of the placenta.
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thyrocervical trunk
divides into inferior thyroid
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