infection control

any microorganism capable of causing disease

transmitted from person to person

ability to cause disease

the bodies own characteristic bacteria

microorganisms that are found in the tissues of the host but do not cause symptomatic disease because of normal flora

• reservoir:or source of infectious agent inanimate and animate:person, animal,soil,water,insects
• susceptible host with a portal of entry
• mode of transmission

• protein molecules released by bacteria to affect host cells at a distant site.
• -botulism, tetnus, diptheria

• are proteins produced in the cell walls of certain bacteria and released only when the cell lysis
• -typhoid, meningcoccal diseases

• -direct:The source and the host have direct contact:skin to skin, membrane/membrane
• -indirect: come into contact with secretions, droplets etc.
• -CDC recommends to stay 3 feet away from pt with droplet infection
• -Precautions:private room, or cohort,wear gloves hand hygeine,gown,dedicate equipment to patient room

• AIIR handling/N95 respirators: would be used here in order to prevent the suspended particles from infecting others
• precautions:private room required with negative airflow device keep doors closed
• N95 respirators for suspected TB, pt must wear mask if leaving room
• Droplet precaution:private room/cohort, mask when working within 3 feet
• mask when transporting outside of room

• insects that go between 2 or more hosts
• -deer tick

• hand hygeine
• PPE (personal protective equipment)
• Adequate staffing
• disinfection/sterilization
• patient placement and transport

ineffective against spore forming organisms such as CDiff

destroying all living organisms and bacterial spores

does not kill spores and only ensures a reduction in the level of disease causing organisms

• commonly found on the skin and perineum and in the nose of many people
• spread by direct contact
• susceptible to only a few drugs(Vancomycin and Linezolid)

fever >101 chills and malaise, lymphadenopathy(enlarged lymph nodes)pharyngitis, and Gi disturbances(diarrhea and vomiting)

Monitor temperature, BP, pulse, respiration, skin color/temp, LOC, IandO, seizure activity, WBC, hemoglobinm Hct, administer antipyretic meds, cover the pt with a sheet if appropriate, sponge bathe,incourage fluid intake, encourage proper oral hygiene