-
Tectonic plates consist of
both continental and oceanic crust
-
The deep interior of the Earth can be mapped using
seismic waves
-
The layer of rock that comprises 67% of Earth's mass
mantle
-
The layer of Earth made mostly of iron
core
-
the thin, solid outermost layer above the mantle
crust
-
the rigid layer made up of crust and upper mantle
lithosphere
-
the layer made of solid rock that slowly flows
asthenosphere
-
the lower part of the mantle
mesosphere
-
I am part of the lithosphere, but I move around on top of the asthenosphere. What am I?
tetonic plate
-
Which part of the core is liquid?
outer core
-
Which part of the core is dense and solid?
inner core
-
Wegener thought that all the continents were once together in one large continent called
Pangaea
-
New oceanic lithosphere forms as a result of
sea-floor spreading
-
hypothesis that states that the continents were once one large mass that broke apart
continental drift
-
process that takes place at mid-ocean ridges
sea-floor spreading
-
part of molten rock at mid-ocean ridges
magnetic minerals
-
process of Earths magnetic poles changing places
magnetic reversal
-
items that provide evidence that the continents were once closer together
fossils
-
The global positioning system can map the rate of tectonic plate movement using
radio waves
-
a possible result of plates moving along a transform boundary is
earthquakes
-
where two plates collide
convergent boundary
-
where two plates are moving away from each other
divergent boundary
-
where two plates are moving horizontally past each other
transform boundary
-
process of moving layers of rock by heating and cooling
convection
-
where denser oceanic lithosphere sinks beneath continental lithosphere
slab pull
-
where oceanic lithosphere slides downhill due to gravity
ridge push
-
What is the amount of force placed on a given material called?
stress
-
The process by which the shape of a rock changes because of stress is called
deformation
-
When stress squeezes an object it is called
compression
-
When stress stretches an object it is called
tension
-
What can form when compression squeezes rocks at a convergent place boundary?
mountains
-
What type of stress occurs at a divergent plate boundary?
tension
-
The bending of rock layers due to stress is known as
folding
-
a fold where both ends of the rock layer are horizontal
monocline
-
a downward, troughlike fold in a rock layer
syncline
-
an upward-arching fold in a rock layer
anticline
-
What is a seismograph?
used to measure the density of the earths layers
-
The hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations
continental drift
-
Evidence of the continental drift
the continents fit together
-
Who is Alfred Wegener?
He first proprosed the theory of the continental drifts. But it was rejected because he could not explain what force pushed or pulled the continents.
-
What hardens to form new rock at mid ocean ridges in sea floor spreading?
Magma
-
What is used as evidence for seafloor spreading?
Magnetic reversal
-
area where two tectonic plates meet
boundaries
-
Types of boundaries
convergent, divergent, transform
-
ESSAY
What is convection?
Heat transfor by the movement of a heated fluid. Denser fluid sinks to the bottom.
-
ESSAY
What sets convection currents into motion?
Heating and cooling of fluid, changes in fluid's density, and forces all combine to set convection currents into motion
-
Global Postioning System (GPS)
used to measure the movement of tectonic plates
-
What can lead to maountains with sharp jagged peaks?
Tension
-
What is a normal fault caused by?
tension
-
What causes the hanging wall to move down in relation the footwall?
Tension
-
What is a reverse fault caused by?
compression
-
What causes the hanging wall to move up in relation to the footwall?
reverse fault
-
What is uplift?
the raising of a rock layer
-
What is subsidence?
The sinking of a rock layer.
-
When rock layers break, the resulting surface they break and slide on is a
fault
-
When tension pulls rocks apart, it creates a
normal fault
-
When opposing forces cause rock to break and move horizontally, they create a
strike-slip fault
-
When a fault is not vertical, a hanging wall and a____________are formed.
footwall
-
When tectonic plates collide, folds anf faults can become____________
mountain ranges
-
What kind of mountain range is formed when rock layers are squeezed and forced upward?
folded mountains
-
What kind of mountain range is formed when tension causes large blocks of crust to drop down?
fault-block mountains
-
What kind of mountain is formed when magma rises to the surface and erupts?
volcanic mountains
-
What kind of mountains are the Appalachian Mountains?
folded mountains
-
What kind of mountains are the Tetons?
fault-block mountains
-
What kind of mountains are the Ring of Fire?
volcanic mountains
-
What is the rising of the Earth's crust to higher elevations called?
uplift
-
What is the sinking of regions of the Earth's crust to lower elevations?
subsidence
-
When the Earth's crust slowly springs back to its original elevation, it is called what?
rebound
-
What happens to the ocean floor the farther the oceanic lithosphere is from a mid-ocean ridge?
The ocean floor becomes older the farther away it gets from the mid-ocean ridge.
-
A set of cracks that forms when two tectonic plates are pulling away from each other is known as a what?
rift zone
|
|