the study of individual populations in terms of specific group characteristics
demography
the number of people per unit of area
arithmetic density
the density of population per unit of cropland
physiological density
able to support a high population density
carrying capacity
the annual number of live births per 1000 people
crude birth rate
the annual number of deaths per 1000 people
crude death rate
the difference between the number of births and number of deaths
natural increase or natural decrease
the number of children born per year per 1000 females in a population
fertility rate
the average number of children that would be born to each woman in a given society if, during her childbearing years (15-49), she bore the children at the current year's rate for woman that age
total fertility rate (TFR)
TFR of 2.1 children, which stabilizes the population
replacement rate
a prediction of the future, assuming that the world's current population trend remains the same or else changes in defined ways
population projection
constant population
zero population growth
the number of years it would take a country to double it's population at it's present rate of increase
doubling time
a graphic device that represents two aspects of population: age and gender
population pyramid
the ratio of the combined population of children less than 15 years old and elderly people over 64
dependency ratio
a model to describe a country's historical experience
demographic transition
the number of infants per thousand who die before reaching 1 year of age
infant mortality rate
the average number of year a newborn baby within a given population can expect to live
life expectancy
the study of incidence, distribution, and control of disease
epidemiology
disease causing organisms
pathogens
change in the leading causes of death
epidemiology transition
the theory that the future of humankind would consist of endless cycles of war, pestilence, and famine
Malthusian theory
a migrant who intends to stay in their new location only until they can save enough capital to return to their homeland to a higher standard of living
sojourners
natives
indigenous peoples
the migrations of black peoples out of africa
african diaspora
strict racial segregation in south africa
apartheid
the chinese commercial supremacy and their international links
Overseas Chinese
the safety a country grants refugees
asylum
money sent home from workers abroad
workers' remittances
the emigration of a country's best-educated people and most skilled workers