Labor and Birth Ch. 18

Home

Get App

Create

First stage of labor begins at __________ and ends at _________.

Regular contractions and full effacement

10cm dilation
What is the cervical dilation for:

Latent phase?
Active phase?
Transition phase?
- L - 0-3cm
- A - 4-7cm
- T - 8-10cm
After 4cm dilation how often does the cervix dilate until full dilation?

1cm/hour
How come primigravida tend to come to the hospital in the latent phase of labor?

Because they do not know what is going on with their body
What does EMTALA stand for?

What is it's purpose?

Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act

Federal regulation to ensure that women receive emergency treatment or labor care
What is the difference between True vs False labor?

True - Regular contractions, cervical changes, fetus engaging to the pelvis

False - Irregular contractions felt in back or above umbilicus, no cervical changes, fetus not engaging
Why should warm baths be avoided until the cervix is 4-5cm dilated?

Water immersion can prolong the labor process and increase the use of oxytocin to stimulate uterine contractions
Which country shows

Stoic response to labor pains
Fathers not present

A) South Korea
Which country shows

Natural childbirth methods
Silent labor
Father is present

A) Japan
Which country shows

Stoic response to labor pains
Fathers not present
Side laying position

B) China
Which country shows

Natural childbirth method
Father not present
Female relatives present

G) India
Which country shows

Father not present
Female caregivers

A) Iran
Which country shows

Stoic labor until the second stage
Fathers and female relatives present

G) Mexico
Which country shows

Use squatting position for birth
Fathers may or may not present

F) Laos
Why do Chinese women prefer hot fluids and warm showers?

They believe in the balance of yin-yang, so childbirth is an act of heat loss and therefore need heat replenished in their system
If a mother is experiencing supine hypotension, which way do you turn her and why?

To the left side

Because the left side keeps both the aorta and inferior vena cava from being compressed
What 4 characteristics are used to describe uterine contractions?
- Frequency
- Intensity
- Duration
- Resting tone
What are the normal findings in amniotic fluid:

Color
Viscosity
Odor
Amount
- Color - pale, straw
- Viscosity - watery
- Odor - none
- Amount - 400mL @ 20weeks, 1000mL @ 38weeks
What are the abnormal findings in amniotic fluid:

Color
Viscosity
Odor
Amount
- Color - Green, yellow or port-wine
- Viscosity - Thick, cloudy
- Odor - Foul
- Amount - less than 500mL or more than 2000mL at 36weeks
What causes the amniotic fluid to have a green color?

Meconium or hypoxic episodes
What causes the amniotic fluid to have a yellow color?
- Infection
- Hypoxia
- Hemolytic disease
What causes the amniotic fluid to have a port-wine color?
- Bleeding
- Abruptio placentae
Why is routine use of IV fluids possibly harmful during labor?

Because electrolyte solution without glucose results in fetal hyperglycemia which then results in hypoglycemia after it is born
What is the first intervention to be done if there are nonreassuring fetal heart rate patterns?

Change patient position
What is the main role of a doula?
- To provide comfort and support
- **Cannot provide medical care
The second stage of labor begins at ______ and ends at ___________.

Full cervical dilation

When the baby is born
What are the 3 phases of the second stage of labor?
- Latent - descent of fetus into the birth canal (calm stage)
- Descent - active pushing
- Transition - fetus presenting into the perineum
What are the three phases of birthing in a vertex presentation?
- Head
- Shoulders
- Body
What position is highly effective in fetal descent and most natural?

Squatting
What should the nurse do if he asks him/her to apply fundal pressure?
- Nurse is not allowed to because no standard technique is available for this maneuver
- **Increases the risk of shoulder dystocia
What is the extent of injury for each degree of perineal laceration?

1st
2nd
3rd
4th
- 1st - skin and structures superficial to the muscles
- 2nd - through muscles of perineal body
- 3rd - through anal sphincter muscle
- 4th - through anterior rectal wall
The third stage of labor begins at ____ and ends at ______.

The birth of the baby

The birth of the placenta
Breastfeeding helps induce the release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary which does what?

Contracts the uterus to cease the hemorrhaging

Author

wiscflor

46661

Card Set

Labor and Birth Ch. 18

Description

LB18

Updated

2010-11-02T02:53:05Z

Show Answers