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Cystic lesions of liver:
- common � simple cysts; uncommon � abscess, hematoma, cystic mets (ovarian, lung, sarcomas), biloma;
- rare � aneurysm, AVF, adenoma, echinococcus, biliary cystadenoma
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Calcified hepatic masses:
- large with or without mass � mets (colon most common, mucinous ovarian, breast, stomach), fibrolamellar HCC, old hematoma, old abscess;
- small without mass � granulomas, PCP, biliary stones
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Hepatic target lesions:
- common � mets, HCC;
- uncommon � lymphoma, adenoma, FNH, fungal microabscesses
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Diffuse hepatic inhomogeneity:
- common � cirrhosis, mets (breast), fatty infiltration;
- uncommon � HCC, hepatic fibrosis, lymphoma
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Homogeneous hyperechoic lesions:
- common � hemangioma;
- uncommon � mets, fatty infiltration, HCC; rare � adenoma, FNH
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GB masses:
- common � polyps, adenomyomatosis, GB CA, tumefactive sludge;
- uncommon � mets (melanoma), chronic cholecystitis
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GB wall thickening:
- biliary �
- cholecystitis, adenomyomatosis, CA, AIDS cholangiopathy, sclerosing cholangitis;
-
GB wall thickening: nonbiliary �
hepatitis, pancreatitis, CHF, hypoproteinemia, cirrhosis, portal HTN, lymphatic obstruction
-
GB fossa shadowing:
stone-filled GB, porcelain GB, emphysematous cholecystitis
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Intrahepatic biliary ductal echogenic foci:
pneumobilia, stones, calcified HA, PV gas
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Bile duct wall thickening:
CBD stones, cholangio CA, sclerosing cholangitis, ascending cholangitis, pancreatitis, AIDS cholangiopathy, oriental cholangiohepatitis
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Porta hepatis cystic lesion:
choledochal cyst, liver cyst, duodenal duplication cyst, omental or mesenteric cyst, pancreatic pseudocyst, R renal cyst, HA aneurysm
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DDx simple renal cyst:
caliceal diverticula, aneurysm, pseudoaneurysm, AVM, papillary necrosis, obstructed upper pole duplication, lymphoma
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Renal cystic disease:
ADPKD, acquired cystic disease, VHL, TS, MCDK
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Solid renal mass:
RCC, AML, TCC, oncocytoma, lymphoma, mets
-
Intraluminal mass in collecting system:
TCC, blood clot, fungus ball, fibroepithelial polyp, malacoplakia, stone, sloughed papilla
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Complex cystic renal masses:
hemorrhagic cyst, infected cyst, multiseptated cyst, abscess, hematoma, cystic RCC, multilocular cystic nephroma, cystic Wilm�s
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Urothelial thickening:
pyelonephritis, ureteral calculi, relieved obstruction, transplant rejection, transplant ischemia, TCC
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Nephrocalcinosis:
medullary sponge kidney, RTA, HPT, Lasix therapy in kids
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Renal parenchymal disease:
GN, AIDS, amyloid, drugs, HTN, DM
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