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What are the different types of energy?
- Nuclear
- Light
- Heat
- Electrical
- Chemical
- Mechanical
- Sound
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What is important ablut Chemical Energy?
It supports life, Some bacteria derive energy from inorganic chemicals. The bacteria then synthesize organic compounds that sustain them and the organisms that consume them.
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What is Potential Energy?
Is stored energy available to do work
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What is kinetic energy?
is energy being used to do work, any moving object possesses kinetic energy
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What are the Laws of Thermodynamics?
- 1st Law: States that energy cannot be created or destroyed but only converted to other forms; means that the total amount of energy in the universe is constant.
- 2nd Law: states that all energy transformations are inefficent because every reactions loses some energy to the surroundings as heat.
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What is entropy?
Energy tends to go from organized towards disorganized
Heat
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Sun is our only source of energy
As energy moves from one organisms to another, being eaten, much of the energy is transferred to heat(entrophy) and is unusable to biological organisms
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Energy flows through an ecosystem
Whether its stored or released during respiration
What does Endergonic mean?
What does Exergonic mean?
- Endergonic: When energy is required
- Exergonic: When energy is released
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What are enzymes?
What does Catalyst mean?
What is an active site?
What is a substrate?
- Enzymes: most are types of protein that is used to acclelerate chemical reactions (catalyst), allowing chemical reactions to keep up with the body's demands
- Each type of enzyme works on only one or two moleculesBreakdown or building of a molecule occurs in a sequence: metabolic pathway
- Catalyst: reduce amount of energy needed for chemical reaction, and actually speeding up the reaction rate
Active site: of the enzyme is the receptor for a substrate
Substrate: molecule being broken down
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What are the ways Enzymes reactions are regulated?
- Negative feedback: Feeback inhibition: in which an excess of a reactions product inhibits the enzyme that controls its formation
- 2) Competitive inhibition: the product of the reaction binds to the enzymes active site, preventing it from binding substrate
Positive Feedback: a product activates the pathway
Allosteric site: is a different binding place on an enzyme where a different molecule binds, which causes it to change shape
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Phospholipid bilayer
a biological membrane is a phospholipid bilayer studded with proteins
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