Ignores details, makes careless mistakes; difficulty sustaining attention or listening when directly addressed, difficulty following instructions or finishing tasks; appears forgetful, disorganized, distracted
True/False: Attention Deficit Disorders are self regulatory disorders
True
What is the "hallmark" of ADD?
An automatic, unwilled "tuning out", a frustrating non-presence of mind; trying to concentrate but can't
True or False: When diagnosing ADD or ADHD patients only have to demonstrate consistent, persistent symptoms in one setting?
False, has to demonstrate it in more than one setting such as: school, work, home, and extra-curricular activities
Regarding pathophysiology of ADHD: patients have trouble?
Maintaining self control, resisting distractions, and concentrating on ideas
ADHD can involve the dysfunction in the roles of what NT's?
Dopamine and Norepinephrine
What are the three categories of ADHD?
Predominately Hyperactive-Impulsive type, predominately inattentive type, and combined type
Explain some of the characteristics of predominately hyperactive
Fidgeting, talking excessively, running around at inappropriate times and frequently disrupt class. Child will blurt out answers in class, take actions without thinking, or make rash decisions
What are some of the characteristics of predominately inattentive?
Child observed not paying attention, making careless mistakes, not listening, not finishing tasks, and not following directions; appears as if child is unusually or easily distracted
What are the characteristic of combined type?
Applies when child shows six or more symptoms of hyper-activity-impulsivity and six or more symptoms of inattentive type ADHD
True/False: ADHD involves impaired Brain Areas
True, more specifically low working memory
In ADHD, what can hyperactivity evolve into?
Uncontrolled arousal, feeling overwhelmed, and talking excessively
In ADHD, what can inattentiveness evolve into?
Unwilled tuning-out, the inability to focus on mundane tasks
In ADHD, what can impulsiveness evolve into?
Irritability, quick anger, inadequate censorship of rude or insulting thoughts, poor timing in interactions
What book contains useful diagnostic criteria for ADHD?
DSM-IV-TR
What is used to determined an ADHD diagnosis?
Symptoms of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity; exhibiting symptoms before the age of 7; symptoms persist for greater than 6 months; it adversely affects function social situations, school or work; symptoms cannot be better explained by another mental disorder (autism, etc)
What are some of the positive aspects of having ADD/ADHD?
Attention deficit disorders in children greater than 6 years of age and narcolepsy
What are some adverse effects and patient education for Concerta?
Adverse: nervousness, headache, insomnia, anorexia, nausea, dizziness; Education: take last dose early in the evening to avoid insomnia
What is the drug class, schedule, and generic for Dexedrine/Dextrostat?
CNS stimulant, CII, Dextroamphetamine
What are the indications for Dexedrine/Dextrostat?
Narcolepsy, ADHD
What are some adverse effects and patient indication for Dexedrine/Dextrostat?
Adverse: aggression, nausea, tremor, fatigue, decreased appetite, dizziness; Education: take last dose early in the evening to avoid insomnia, should only be used in children over 3 years of age for ADHD
What is the drug class, schedule, and generic for Adderall XR?
CNS stimulant; CII; Amphetamine and Dextroamphetamine Salts
What are the indications for Adderall XR?
Narcolepsy, ADHD
What are some of the adverse effects and patient education associated with Adderall XR?
Adverse: dizziness, insomnia, restlessness, headache; Education: take as directed, can be opened and sprinkled on applesauce
What is the drug class and generic for Strattera?
Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (not a controlled substance); Atomexatine
What are the indications for Strattera?
Treatment of ADHD (dose based on weight)
What are the adverse effects and patient education associated with Strattera?
Adverse: Dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, decreased appetite, dizziness; Education: may impair cognitive and motor performance
