1. Home
  2. Flashcards
  3. Preview

Ch 13 DNA and its Role in Heredity

  1. tracsforming principle
    can produce a haritable change from a dead cell
  2. purines
    • Adenine (A)
    • Guanine (G)
  3. Pyrimidines
    • Cytosine (C)
    • Thymine (T)
  4. DNA Base Rule
    • A=T
    • C=G
  5. helical
    in the shape of a helix
  6. antiparellel
    to chains of DNA run in opposite directions
  7. Key features of DNA structure
    • double stranded helix
    • right handed twist
    • antiparallel
    • outer edges of N bases are exposed in major and minor grooves
  8. DNA Functions
    • Stores genetic info
    • suseptible to mutation
    • preciselt replicated in cell division
    • genetic material expressed as phenotype
  9. semiconservative
    parent serves as a template and new molecules have one old and one new strand
  10. conservative
    original helix only serves as a template
  11. dispersive
    parent fragments serve as templates assembling old and new parts into a melecule
  12. steps in DNA replication
    • double helix is unwound making 2 template strands
    • new nucleotides are added
  13. replication complex
    a large protein complex that interacts with the template strands
  14. primer
    • starter strand
    • complimentary to DNA template
  15. primase
    enzyme that synthesizes DNA one nucleotide at a time
  16. DNA helicase
    protien that uses energy from ATP hydrosis to unwind DNA
  17. Single-strnad Binding proteins
    protein that keeps strands from getting back together
  18. replication fork
    the site where DNA unwinds to expose bases
  19. leading strand
    • new strand
    • oriented to grow at its 3' end as fork opens
  20. lagging strand
    oriented so that its exposed 3' end gets further from fork
  21. okazaki fragments
    • form in laging strand
    • small discontinuous stretches
  22. DNA Ligase
    • catalyzes the last phosphdiester linkage between fragments
    • closes gaps left in backbone by Okazaki fragments
  23. processive
    catalyze many polymerizations each time they bind to DNA
  24. Sliding DNA clamp
    a protien that stabilizes newly replicated strands
  25. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
    makes copies of DNA sequences
Author
kickenbugg
ID
46160
Card Set
Ch 13 DNA and its Role in Heredity
Description
Biology Lecture Ch 13,
Updated

  1. Home
  2. Flashcards
  3. Preview