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Nucleus
Contains most of genes that control eukaryotic cell
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Nuclear envelop
- 2 lipid bilayers w/ perforated pores
- separates the contents of the nucleus (DNA in particular) from the cytosol (cytoplasm)
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Nuclear lamina
- Net-like array of protein filaments
- maintain shape of nucleus
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Chromatin
- Hair like
- DNA organized around proteins inside nucleus
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Chromosomes
Used when cell prepares to divide
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Nucleolus
makes ribosomes
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Cisternae
Make up ER and GA
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Rough ER
Makes and ships proteins for secretion
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Smooth ER
Detoxification of drugs and poisons
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Golgi Apparatus
Packs and ships proteins out of the cell
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Lysosomes
- Sacs of enzymes
- Break down macromolecules for recycling by hydrolysis
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Food vacuoles
In muscles stores carbs as glucose
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Contractile vacuoles
Helps pump excess water/solute out of the cell
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Central Vacuole
In plant cells- storage, waste disposal, cell growth, cell protection
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Peroxisomes
Contains enzymes that transfer H from substrates to O2 forming H2O2
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Mitochondria
Cellular respiration (break down of glucose and production of ATP and O2)
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Chloroplasts
Used in photosynthesis to create energy
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Cytoskeleton
- Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments
- Structural support for motility and regulation
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Microtubules
- Hollow cylinders
- Guide movement of organelles, and help in cell division
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Microfilaments
- Thin rods built from actin
- Muscle contraction
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Intermediate filaments
Supports cell shape and keeps organelles in place
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Cell Wall
Protects plant cell (cellulose)
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ECM
- Meshwork of macromolecules
- Support/anchorage
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Desmosomes(adhearing)
Holds 2 cells together- spot wells
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Gap junctions
Channel that allows substances to pass through cells, lets them work as a whole (heart)
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Tight junctions
Prevent leakage (stomach)
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Centrioles
Microtubules used in cell reproduction
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