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what are three types of symbiosis
- mutualism
- communalism
- parasitism
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define abiotic and biotic
- abiotic: non living
- biotic: living
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predation is
the hunting and killing of an organism by another organism
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the biosphere is
the total world of life extending several kilometers into the atmosphere and several kilometers into the ocean
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levels of organization smallest to largest
atoms & molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organism, population, community, biome, biosphere
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define ecology
the study of organisms interacting with other organisms and their enviornment
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niche
the role the organism has within a habitat
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a niche includes an organisms need for
food, shelter, and reproduction
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species interact through
competition, predation, symbiotic relationships
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a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another organism
parasitism
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a symbiotic relationship in which one organism that benefits and the other organism is neither helped nor harmed
commenalism
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a symbiotic relationship in which 2 or more organisms that live closely together and benefit from each other
mutualism
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most all organisms get their food by eating other organisms
predation
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energy
the ability to do work
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energy =
movement, digestion, breathing, homeostasis, and metabolism
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autotrophs
create their own energy, "self feeders"
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heterotrophs
"other feeders" get their energy from other places
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photosynthesis
making energy from the sun
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chemosynthesis
formation of energy through chemicals
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omnivore
meat and plant eaters
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detritovore
dead organisms eater
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each step in a food web or chain is called a
trophic level
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each level of the food web or chain gets its energy from
the previous level
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name the producers in order
- primary producer
- primary consumer
- secondary consumer
- third level consumer
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food chain
a simple model that shows how energy flows through an ecosystem
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food web
more complex feeding relationships
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ecological pyramid
used to show how much energy flows through an ecosystem
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every energy trophic level only brings ____ % with them to the next level
10
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name each ecological pyramid
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matter can not
be created nor destroyed
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matter cycles _____ be reused
and energy levels ______ be reused
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biological
living process
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geological
nonliving process
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chemical
interaction process
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____% of the world is water
72
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plants use photosynthesis by
using carbon and releasing oxygen
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plants take in _____
and breathe out ____
people take in ______
and breathe out ______
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all organic compounds contain
carbon
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process that puts oxygen/ carbon back into atmosphere
decomposition
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long term carbon and oxygen levels
- fossil fuels
- carbon- released when burned
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important element in the protein your body makes
nitrogen
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___% of the atmosphere is nitrogen
78
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_____ is not a useable form
nitrogen
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what is nitrogen fixation
only way to turn nitrogen into a useable form. where bacteria in soil is converted
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_____ can change nitrogen into a usable form
lightning
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the only way we can get nitrogen into our body is by
eating the plants that take in nitrogen
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phosphorous is
important for growth and development of organisms
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____ never enters the atmosphere
phosphorous
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describe short term phosphorous cycle
- phosphorous is found in soil.
- used by plants.
- animals eat the plants.
- returned to the soil when animal dies
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describe long term phosphorous cycle
- soil erodes and takes a long time.
- released in aquatic environment
- underwater animals eat underwater plants
- above water organisms eat under water animals
- then they die and decay back into soil
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