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When there are no double bonds between the carbon in the chains, allowing as many hydrogen atoms as possible
unsaturated fatty acid
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When three fatty acid molecules each join to glycerol by an ester linkage
triacyglycerol
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Macromolecules, serve as storage material
polysaccharides
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Macromolecules that exist as polymers
polynucleotides
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A polymer of glucose that is like amylopectin but more excessively branched
glycogen
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polymers of amino acids
polypeptides
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A large molecule consisting of thousands of covalently connected atoms
macromolecule
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A six-membered ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms
pyrimidine
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A bond between a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group
Ester linkage
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→ a delicate coil held together by hydrogen bonding between every fourth amino acid.
------ example?
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three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids
protein
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This is an organic sulfur compound that contains a sulfur-hydrogen bond ( S-H).
Thiol
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a polymer consisting of many nucleotide monomers; serves as a blueprint for proteins and, through the actions of proteins, for all cellular activities. Two types are DNA & RNA
polynucleotide
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a type of weak chemical bond formed when molecules that don't mix with water come together to exclude the water
hydrophobic interaction
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organic compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.
amine
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long carbon chain carboxylic acid; vary in length & in the # and location of double bonds;
fatty acid
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A protein may undergo reversible structural changes in performing its biological function. The alternative structures of the same protein are referred to as conformation.
conformation
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→ strong covalent bond formed when the sulfur of one cysteine monomer bonds to the sulfur of another cysteine monomer.
Disulfide Bridges
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a polymer of amino acids
polypeptide
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compounds containing a carboxyl group; aka organic acids because they tend to dissociate to release H+
carboxylic acids
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the unique, genetically coded sequence of amino acids within a protein
primary structure
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macromolecules consisting of one or more polypeptide chains folded into a unique 3D shape/conformation
proteins
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→compound with an amino group that can act as a base; the nitrogen, with its pair of unshared electrons, can attract a hydrogen ion, becoming --NH3+.
amine
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