ch 9

• - problem soving skills
• - moral development
• - reading competence

• less food is needed due to slower growth rate at these years.
• make there own decisons on what they want to eat

major problem of chidren

• boys are stronger
• girls are more graceful
• but otherwise they are very simular

• - attention improves
• - longer attention span
• - stort-term memory improves
• - transfer more info to long term memory

children begain to employ logical thought processes with concrete material

the understanding that an object retains certain properties, not matter how its form changes

process by which children in the concrete operational period can concentrate on more than one aspect of a situation

process by which children in the concrete operational periodcan arrange objects by increasing or decreasing size

process by which children in the concrete operational period cna group objects with some similarities wihin a large category

cogntive process by which children retrace their thoughts

process by which children inthe concrete operational period grasp the meaning of number, the onseness of one

• a. goal
• b. obstacle
• c. strategy
• d. evaluation

• - positive attitudes
• - people who look for facts
• - ability to concentrate

• - dont use facts
• - skipping steps
• - not recognizing realavance to one another

determine - that a problem exists. too often children fail to realize that a problem lies hidden in the words of a story, or in the description of a science project or in the simple presentation of a math example

understand - the nature of the problem. realizing that a praticular problem exists is not enough; you must also comprehend the essence of the problem if your plan for solution is to be accurate

plan your solution - now that you know that a problem exists and you understand its nautre, you must elsect strategies that are appropriate for the problem.

evaluate your plan - which usually entails two phases, first examine the plan itself in an attempt to determine its suitability. then decide how successful your solution was

binet?

miller analagies

wechsler: measured IQ across the ife span; WISC, WISC-R, WAIS

• 8 differenct intelligences
• 1. lingistic intelligence
• 2. musical intelligence
• 3. logical-mathematical intelligence
• 4. spatial intelligence
• 5. bodily-kinesthetic intellignce
• 6. interpersonal intelligence
• 7. intrapersonal intelligence
• 8. naturalist intelligence

• 1. the components of intelligence
• - meacomponents: help us to plan, monitor, and evaluate our problem solving strategies
• - performance components: help us to execute the instructions of the metacomponents
• - knowledge acquisition components: help us to learn how to solve problems in the first plance.
• 2. experience and intelligence
• 3. the context of intelligence
• - adapt to our enviroment
• - create and/or shape our environment
• - select new environments

moral dev.- external controls->internal mechanisms, cognition, emotion, behavioral

modified clinical technique used by kohlberg whereby a conflict is posed for which subjects justify the morality of their choices

• concrete operational - formal
• - up t 4 years chldren not concerned with morality
• - at 4 they begin to belive that rules are fixed and unchangeable
• - 7-11 begin to realize that individuals formulate social rules refered to as autonomous morality

• men - justice
• women- relationships, ethics of caring

• - encouraged to share their thoughts with dults
• - they are respected - opinions are valued
• - sensitive to what kids are experiencing

reading - independent readers: children who can read ably and without assistance using all the cueing systms