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the chewing surfaces of posterior teeth
occlusal surfaces
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a type of intraoral radiographic examination used to inspect large areas of the maxilla or mandible on one film
occlusal examination
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the method used to expose a film in the occlusal examinaiton
occlusal technique
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what film is used with the occlusal technique?
occlusal film
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larges size of intraoral film
size 4
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dimentions of size 4 film
3 by 2 1/4 inches
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size of occlusal film for children
2
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When is occlusal film used?
when large areas of the mandible or maxilla must be bisualized
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The occlusal radiograph is preferred when...
- the area of interest is larger than a periapical film
- or when the placement of periapical film is too difficult for the patient
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Occlusal radiographs can be used for the following purposes (10)
- Locate retained roots of extracted teeth
- locate supernumerary, unerupted, or impacted teeth
- locate foreign bodies in the maxilla or mandible
- located salivary stones in the duct of the submandibular gland
- locate and evaluate the extent of lesions in the maxilla or mandible
- evaluate teh boundaries of the maxillary sinus
- evaluate fractures of the maxilla or mandible
- aid inthe examination of patients who cannot open their mouths more than a few millimeters
- examine the area of a cleft palate
- measure changes in the size and shape of the maxilla or mandible
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3 basic principles of the occlusal technique
- film is positioned with the white side faceing the arch that is being exposed
- film is placed in the mouth between teh occlusal surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth
- film is stabilized when the patient gently bites on the surface of the film
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Patient preperation (5)
- briefly explain teh radiographic procedure to the patient
- postition the patient's chair
- Postition the paitient's head rest
- place lead apron with thyriod collar
- remove all objects form mouth that may interfere
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Equipment preperation
set exposure factores
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What size cone should be used for occlusal technique
8 or 16 inch
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Maxillary occlusal projections (3)
- topographic
- lateral (right, left)
- pediactric
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used to examine the palate adn teh anterior teeth of the maxilla
topographic projection
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used to examine the palatal roots of the molar teeth. May also be used to locate foreign bodies or lesions in teh posterior maxilla
lateral (right ro left) projection
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used to examine the anterior teeth of teh maxilla and is recomended for use in children 5 years old or younger
pediatric projection
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mandibular occlusal projections (3)
- topographic
- cross-sectional
- pediatric
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used to examine the anterior teeth of the mandible
topographic
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used to examine the buccal and lingual aspects of the mandible. also used to locate foreign bodies or salivary stones in the region of the floor of the mouth
cross-sectional projection
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used to examine the anterior teeth of the mandible and is recommended for use in children 5 years old or younger
pediatric
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method used to locate the postition of a tooth or object in the jaws
localization technique
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the dental radiograph is a ... picture of a ...object
two-dimentional, three-dimentional
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A radiograph depicts an object in the superior-inferior and anterior-posterior relationships, but does not depict the...relationship
buccal-lingual (depth)
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localization techniques may be used to locate (9)
- Broken needles and instruments
- Jaw fracures
- retained roots
- root postitions
- unerupted teeth
- foreign bodies
- filling materials
- impacted teeth
- salivary stones
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types of localization techniques
- buccal object rule
- right angle technique
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governs the orientation fo sturctures portrayed in two radiographs exposed at different angulations
buccal object rule
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Explain the procedures for the buccal object rule
- one periapical or bite-wing film is exposed using proper technuque and angulation
- a second periapical or bite-wing film i then exposed after changing the direction of the x-ray beam (ie change veritical or horizontal angulation)
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What is SLOB
- Same=lingual
- Opposite=buccal
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When a dental structrure or bject seen in the second radiograph appears to have moved in the same direction as the shift in the PID, the structure or object in question is postitioned to the....
Lingual
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When two radiographs are compared:
the object that moves in the same direction of the PID is...
the object that moves in the opposited direction of the PID is...
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this technique is used primarily for locating objects in the mandible
right-angle technique
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one periapical film is exposed using proper technique and angulation; next, an occlusal film is exposed directing the central ray at a right angle, or perpedicular to the film.
What technique is this?
right-angle technique
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Step-by-step procedures for localization techniques include
- patient and equipment preprations
- film placemnets and comparisons
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