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What can be added to adjust pH to optimize drug solubility
Buffer
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Manufactures commonly add ____ and _____ to adjust pH
Strong Acids and Bases (HCl, NaOH)
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Examples of cosolvents that are FDA approved
ethanol, glycerin, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol
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Cosolvents are usually blended with _____ to achieve optimal polarity
Water
- Ethanol 2-40% usually
- 98% to reconstitute carmustine
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surfactants are_______ molecules and have tendency to accumulate (absorb) at the interface between two phases.
Ampiphilic
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Hydrophilic head can be:
anionic, cationic, amphoteric, or nonionic group (least toxic)
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Surfactants have two phases
Air/water and Water/oil
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Surfactants form ____ at critical concentration
Micelle
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In the core of the micelle, surfactants help ______ drugs.
Solubilize
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Surfactant types are:
- Anionic- SDS, docusate sodium
- Cationic- Benzalkonium chloride
- Nonionic- Polysorbate 80/20
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Cyclodextrins
Monomolecular compounds composed of a ring of 6-8 glucose units
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T/F It is within the cavity that the poorly soluble molecule is solubilized by the Cyclodextrin host.
True!
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