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Drug product
Finished dosage form
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Therapeutics
Pharmacology/kinetics
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Epimerize
one of 2 molecules that differ in spatial arrangement around single carbon atom.
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Tetracycline epimerizes to a ________ compound
Nephrotoxic- there must be a strict limit on presence of these.
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Penicillins decompose to
Allerginic compounds
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Organoleptic
Susceptible to sensory impression
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Change in crystal structure
Polymorphish
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Organoleptic properties- dissolution in suspension
elicit taste
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Microbiological properties
Unnappealing and/or deadly
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amides
dibucaine, chlorampenicol
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lactams
Penicillins, cephalosporins, chlordiazepoxide
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lactones
polocarpine, spironolactone
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initiation
Formation of substrate free radicals
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Propogation
Free radicals grow in number
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Termination
Free radical combine to form intert product
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Sodium nitroprusside in aqueous solution has shelf life of _ years in dark and _ years in light
1, 4
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Dehydration degradation
Eliminate H2O from chem structure
Example: PGE2, erythromycin, and tetracycline.
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Physical degradation
Occurs under acidic conditions to yield less active product. Remove water from hydrate.
Example: theophylline hydrate and ampicillin trihydrate
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Optical isomerization is due to_____ where as geometric isomerization is ________.
Chirocarbon, cis-trans
Trans vitamin A> Cis vitamin A
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Enantiomers
Mirror images
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Chiral compounds make up____ % of drugs, most being racemic mixtures
50-60%
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Albuterol is an example of a _____ mixture
racemic
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Levalbuterol
R isomer- bronchodilator
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Thalidomide undergoes ___-catalizyed racemization in aqueous media
Base
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Ampicillin
Form dimers, alleren
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