King Richard I

Born Sept.8, 1157 in Oxford, England
## http://www.nndb.com/people/426/000093147/

Parents:
~Father was King Henry II
~Mother was Eleanor of Aquitaine
~Mother divorced King Louis of France
## http://www.nndb.com/people/426/000093147/

Early Life
~Brothers-Henry, Geoffery and John
~Formally installed into power in 1172(age 15)
~Began his crusade in 1190(age 33)
~Wasn't the oldest, but gained kingship from regard to Aquitanian susceptibilities
## http://www.historymedren.about.com/od/rwho/p/who_richard1.htm

~Well educated
~Noted for his chivalry
## http://www.historymedren.about.com/od/rwho/p/who_richard1.htm

~Spoke no English
~Wrote poetry in Limousin and French
## http://www.britroyals.com/kings.asp?id=richard1

~Showed significant political and military ability from an early age
~Very courageous
~Favorite son of his mother
## http://www.britroyals.com/kings.asp?id=richard1

~Most of his career was focused on his Crusades. He was a large influence in the third Crusade, where his knowledge of seige warfar was shown.
~Took Taillebourg in just 2 weeks. Taillebourg was considered one of the strongest fortress-cities at the time.
## Richard the Lionheart

~Saladin captures Jerusalem in 1187. This is one of the main events that encouraged Richard to persue his Crusades, because he considered that it should be a free land.
~Richard and Saladin come to a truce in 1192. Rather than defeating him, Richard sees it as the noble thing to do to make a truce with Saladin. Prior to this, Christians had to pay a toll to enter Jerusalem. Their agreement was that Christians could enter Jerusalem without paying anything.
## Richard the Lionheart

~Cavalry were generally unorganized, and simply charged in to battle. King Richard 1 changed this, and unified them during battle, resulting in massive victories.
## The Third Crusade

~He was captures on his way home in Germany, where he spent several years in prison. His bale(twice the amount of England's annual income) was eventually paid by his mother.
~King Richard I's career was ended at the Battle of Chalut in France.
## The Third Crusade

~Died on April 6, 1199 of a crossbow bolt.
## The Third Crusade