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blood pressure
the force exerted by blood against the arterial walls during 2 phases of a heartbeat (systole and diastole)
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systole
blood is forced OUT of the heart (strongest)
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diastole
blood fills the ventricles (weakest)
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occlusion
blockage in a canal, vessel or passage (closed)
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incompetent
inability to adequately perform
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pericardium sac has 3 layers
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aneurysm/o
widening; widened blood vessel
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sten/o
narrowing, stricture
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thrombus
blood clot that obstructs a vessel
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embolus
when a thrombus travels through the vascular system
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endarterectomy
removal of innermost wall of artery
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CAD
coronary artery disease
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coronary artery disease
any disease that interferes with the ability of coronary arteries to deliver sufficient blood to the myocardium
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infarct
area of tissue that undergoes necrosis following cessation of blood supply
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PTCA
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (balloon)
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CABG
coronary artery bypass graft (uses vein)
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vegetations
small masses of fibrin and platelets from bacteria lodging in weakened heart tissue
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varicose veins
enlarged, twisted superficial--because valves aren't working
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bruit
soft blowing sound aka murmur
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coarctation
narrowing of a vessel (especially the aorta)
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fibrillation
quivering/spontaneous muscle contractions causing ineffectual contractions
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palpitation
sensation that the heart is not beating normally (can include lots of sensations, most are harmless, ones caused by arrhythmias are serious)
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patent ductus arteriosis
didn't close after birth, and blood from the aorta gets into the pulmonary (lung) artery
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perfusion
circulation of blood through tissues or the passage of fluids through vessels of an organ
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heart failure (old name congestive)
failure of heart to supply adequate amount of blood to tissues and organs
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ICD
implantable cardioverter defibrillator
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ischemia
local and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to circulatory obstruction
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MVP
leaflets of mitral valve prolapse into Left atrium (during systole). possibility of infection
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tetralogy of Fallot: congenital anomaly with 4 parts
- 1. pulmonary artery stenosis
- 2. interventricular septal defect
- 3. transposition of the aorta
- 4. right ventricular hypertrophy caused by overwork of right ventricle
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Stokes-Adams syndrome
altered or fainting from decreased blood flow to the brain because of prolonged systole (absence of muscular contraction of the heart)
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cardiac enzymes
- are released into the bloodstream from damaged heart muscle.
- troponin T, troponin I, creatinine kinase
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