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Urinary System 2
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What substance is normally completely reabsorbed by tubules of nephron?
glucose
function of renal pelvis
collect urine from calyces and pass it to ureters
what are the conical structures located in renal medulla?
renal pyramids
what is kidney's response to an increase in Aldosterone?
urine will have a lower specific gravity
what things are done during urine formation?
a plasma like filtrate of blood is created
useful solutes removed from filtrate and returned to blood
additional waste removal from blood and added to filtrate
waste is concentrated
where is detrusor muscle located?
inner wall of bladder
what are renal columns?
bundle of tissue lying between renal pyramids and extend from renal cortex toward renal sinus
what epithelial cells line ureters and urinary bladder
transitional epithelium
detrusor muscle
detrusor muscle
distal convoluted tubule
distal convoluted tubule
distal convoluted tubule
where is greatest concentration of solutes in tubular fluid?
hairpin turn of loop of Henle
under normal conditions, the renal clearance of large protien such as albumin is closest to what value?
0
what is renal pelvis?
expanded end of ureter
the expanded end of ureter forms what structure?
renal pelvis
efferent artery
efferent arteriole
efferent arteriole
external urethral opening
external urethral opening
external urethral orifice
external urethral sphincter
filtration membrane
Bowman's capsule
1. what is the structure?
2. what is the layer called up against it?
1. glomurulus
2. visceral layer
glomerulus
glomerulus
when water is reabsorbed in proximal convoluted tubule by obligatory reabsorption, what does that mean?
water is following sodium and other ions or molecules to maintain osmotic balance
how does detrusor muscle help with urination?
compresses urinary bladder and expels urine through urethra
what organ was the first successful transplant?
kidney
what are major calyces?
large branches of renal pelvis
what structure embeds the kidney and acts like a cushion?
adipose capsule
what happens to parasympathetic motor neurons during micturition reflex?
increased activity of parasympathetic motor neurons that control smooth muscle of bladder
What anatomical structure is damaged when one has a floating kidney?
renal fascia (this holds kidney in place)
what is a floating kidney?
what structure is damaged if this happens ?
floating kidney is when kidney is out of normal position.
renal fascia is damaged if this happens
interlobar artery
inerlobar artery
interlobar vein
interlobular artery
interlobular artery
interlobular artery
interlobular artery
interlobular vein
interlobular vein
what makes up the renal corpuscle?
bowman's capsule
glomerulus
function of urinary system?
regulate blood volume and BP
regulate plasma concentration of ions
help stabilize blood pH
conserve valuable nutrients
where does blood filtration occur?
glomular capillaries
macula densa is part of what structure?
distal convoluted tubule
which blood vessel supplies nutrients to renal medulla?
vasa recta
cells of macula densa and juxtaglomerular cells form what structure?
juxtaglomerular apparatus
why is floating kidney dangerous?
ureters or renal blood vessels become twisted or kinked during movement
tubular reabsorption ?
flow of fluid and solutes from tubular fluid into blood
why is the high pressure within bowman's capsule created when glomerulus forces plasma and solutes out of capillaries into capsule?
diameter of efferent arterioles smaller then diameter of afferent arterioles
what is the expanded end of nephron called ?
renal corpuscle
what is responsible for delivering urine to minor calyx?
papillary duct
what nephrons control urine concentration?
juxtamedullary nephrons
juxtamedullary nephron
right kidney
left kidney
left renal artery
left ureter
left ureter
left ureter
what happens if glomerular filtration rate is too high?
useful substances may be lost
what is glomerulus?
knot of capillaries that lie within renal corpuscle
function of renal corpuscle?
filtration of plasma
what does ANP (Atrial natriuretic peptide) do ?
increases glomerular filtration rate
what is responsible for concentration of urine?
collecting duct of loop of Henle
what is the portion of nephron closest to renal corpuscle?
proximal convoluted tubule
function of kidney
remove waste product from blood
assist in regulation of blood volume
assist in regulation of blood pH
assist in regulation of BP
assist in regulation of blood ion levels
juxtaglomerular appartatus functions to do what?
renin formation
erythropoietin formation
endocrine function
juxtaglomerular apparatus is located where?
between ascending loop of Henle and afferent arteriole
portion of nephron that attaches to collecting duct?
distal convoluted tubule
1) inflammatory disorder of glomeruli ?
2) what does it affect?
1) glomerulonephritis
2) affects filtration mechanism of kidney
what does cortical nephron function as?
filters blood
lumen of tubules
major calyx
major calyx
major calyx
major calyx
major calyx
membranous urethra
minor calyx
when does tubular reabsorption occur?
when water and useful substances reabsorb in blood
what is the horseshoe shaped segment of nephron?
loop of Henle
1) What is angiotensin 2?
2) what are affects of angiotensin 2 ?
1) active hormone-like peptide
2) affects nephrons, CNS, adrenal glands, peripheral capillary beds
what regulates glomerular filtration?
autoregulation
sympathetic neural control
angiotensin 2
hormone ADH
1) what is number 2?
2) what is number 3?
1) renal cortex
2) renal medulla
Author
mommy2pj
ID
45175
Card Set
Urinary System 2
Description
Urinary System Anatomy and function
Updated
2010-10-26T20:12:25Z
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