Urinary System-1

  1. Functions of Urinary System?
    • regulate blood volume
    • help stabilize blood pH
    • eliminate organic waste
    • reglate plasma concentration of electrolytes
  2. location of glomerulus?
    renal corpuscle
  3. where are the majority of nephrons located?
    cortex of kidney
  4. Image Upload 2
    adipose capsule
  5. Image Upload 4
    adipose capsule
  6. where are the most selective pores in the filtration membrane located?
    podocytes
  7. how does the urinary system regulate blood volume and pressure?
    • adjusting volume of water lost in urine
    • release erythropoietin
    • release renin
  8. Image Upload 6
    afferent artery
  9. Image Upload 8
    afferent arteriole
  10. If the renal medulla is damaged what would be interrupted first?
    the function of collecting ducts
  11. Image Upload 10
    afferent arteriole
  12. Image Upload 12
    afferent arteriole
  13. if the glomerulus is obstructed what is affected?
    flow of blood into the efferent arteriole
  14. what structure produces urine?
    kidney
  15. in order for a substance to pass through filtration membrane what size must it be?
    smaller then albumin
  16. if the substance is larger then albumin can it pass through filtration membrane?
    NO
  17. What is net glomerular filtration pressure?
    If you measure function of nephron and get:
    1) glomerular pressure 69 mm HG
    2) capsular space is 15 mm HG.
    3) plasma osmotic pressure 30 mm HG
    and no plasma protien filtered by glomerulus
    69 - 15 - 30 = 24 mm HG
  18. what happens to sodium and chloride ions in loop of Henle?
    active transported out of ascending limb
  19. Image Upload 14
    arcuate artery
  20. Image Upload 16
    arcuate artery
  21. Image Upload 18
    arcuate artery
  22. Image Upload 20
    arcuate vein
  23. Image Upload 22
    arcuate vein
  24. what is required to maintain solute concentration gradient in renal medulla?
    active transport of sodium and chloride ion from ascending limb of loop of Henle
  25. what is result of sympathetic stimulation of kidney?
    • produce vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles
    • release renin
    • produce renal ischemia
  26. what carries urine to urinary bladder from kidneys?
    ureters
  27. which is GREATER?
    concentration of solute in the filtrate at beginning of loop of Henle or at bottom of descending limb of loop of Henle?
    It is greater---> at bottom of descending limb of loop of Henle
  28. Image Upload 24
    ascending limb of loop of Henle
  29. Image Upload 26
    ascending limb of loop of Henle
  30. what does antidiuretic hormone do in relation to water and collecting duct?
    increase permeability of collecting duct to water
  31. what is responsible for process of filtration?
    blood hydrostatic pressure
  32. if a high specific gravity of urine, what color will urine be?
    dark in color
  33. organs part of urinary system?
    • kidney
    • urinary bladder
    • ureter
    • urethra
  34. if there is a reduction of blood flow to kidney, what will happen?
    aldosterone secretion INCREASES
  35. Image Upload 28
    basement membrane
  36. Image Upload 30
    bladder lamina propria
  37. Image Upload 32
    bladder lamina propria
  38. The ability to form concentrated urine depends on what structure functioning?
    loop of Henle
  39. if plasma osmolarity is high then what happens to permeability relationship of water and collecting ducts?
    increase plasma osmolarity = increase permeability of membrane of renal collecting duct to water
  40. Kidney location
    • retroperitoneal
    • held in place by renal fascia
    • surrounded by renal capsule
    • surrounded by thick layer of adipose tissue
  41. Is the glomerular hydrostatic pressure significantly lower than the pressure in the rest of the systemic circuit?
    no
  42. Image Upload 34
    bladder transitional epithelium
  43. Image Upload 36
    bladder transitional epithelium
  44. Image Upload 38
    Bowman's Capsule
  45. Image Upload 40
    Bowman's Capsule
  46. What transport is involved in tubular reabsorption?
    • active transport
    • faciliated diffusion
    • cotransport
    • countertransport
  47. The fluid in Bowman's capsule is similar to plasma except for what?
    fluid in Bowman's capsule does not contain significant amounts of plasma protien
  48. Define hilus location?
    prominent indentation on medial surface of kidney
  49. What is the prominent indentation on medial surface of kidney?
    hilus
  50. If hydrostatic pressure is increased above norm, what happens?
    net filtration decreases
  51. what makes up the renal corpuscle?
    • Bowman's capsule
    • Glomerulus
  52. What process reabsorbs HIGH concentrations of glucose and amino acid high in filtrate?
    faciliated diffusion
  53. what is the renal sinus?
    internal cavity lined by fibrous capsule that is located in area of hilus
  54. nephron
    functional and strucural unit of kidney
  55. structural differences between urethra of male and female?
    • male urethera 20 cm long
    • female 3-4 cm long
  56. what process reabsorbs LOW concentration of glucose adn amino acids in filtrate?
    cotransport
  57. Image Upload 42
    capsular space
  58. Image Upload 44
    capsular space
  59. Image Upload 46
    capsular space
  60. Image Upload 48
    capsular space
  61. Image Upload 50
    capsular space
  62. Image Upload 52
    capsular space
  63. what is the outermost layer of kidney tissue?
    renal cortex
  64. list nephron regions in correct order of fluid flow?
    • glomerular capsule
    • proximal convoluted tubule
    • loop of Henle
    • distal convoluted tubule
  65. what is the role of "countercurrent multiplication" in kidney?
    it is to produce concentration gradient to allow nephron to produce hyptonic filtrate
  66. list vessels in correct order of blood flow?
    • afferent arteriole
    • glomerulus
    • efferent arteriole
    • peritubular capillaries
  67. innermost layer of kidney tissue?
    renal medulla
  68. what is contained in glomerular filtrate?
    everything in blood except cells and protiens
  69. Image Upload 54
    collecting duct
  70. Image Upload 56
    collecting duct
  71. Image Upload 58
    collecting duct
  72. Image Upload 60
    cortical nephron
  73. Image Upload 62
    descending limb of loop of Henle
  74. Image Upload 64
    descending limb of loop of Henle
Author
mommy2pj
ID
45158
Card Set
Urinary System-1
Description
Urinary System Function and Anatomy
Updated