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What Antibiotics are safe in pregnancy?
Category B: PCN, most Macrolides, Cephalosporins, Sulfas (1st & 2nd Term)
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What Macrolide(s) is/are contraindicated in Pregnancy?
Category C: Clarithromycin (Biaxin) and Erythromycin
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When is Sulfa antibiotic safe in pregnancy?
Only in first and second trimester
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What antibiotic classes are Category D?
Fluoroquinolones, Tetracyclines
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What causes otitis externa, what does it involve?
Pseudomonas bacteria (green pus) external ear
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What is Meniere's disease triad?
Acute vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss
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What causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
Tick bite causes pass of spirochete Rickettsia Rickettsii
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What is typical skin manifestation of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
Dark Red/Purple tender Rash that starts at wrist and ankles, soles and palms- spreads centrally to trunk and face
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What is the systemic symptoms of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
Day 1: Myalgia, severe headache, fatigue, n/v and rash then by day 2-3, rash spreads characteristically
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What is the treatment for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
Doxycycline
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What is Early Lyme's disease called?
Erythema Migrans rash stage
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What causes Lyme?
Deer tick- Ixodes tick- spirochete Borrelia Burgoloferi
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What is the treatment for Lyme?
Doxycycline BID x 2 weeks or Tetracycline x 2 weeks
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What test is more accurate in AIDS for measurement of progression?
Viral Load Test is more accurate than CD4
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What is Cd4 count a marker for?
Provides indirect measurement of state of HIV disease and immunosuppression
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PCP prophylaxis?
Bactrim DS once daily x 10 days
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Three most common signs of HIV?
Fever, fatigue, pharyngitis
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What tick infection is noted in Lyme disease?
Borrelia Burgdorferi a spirochete
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How many stages to Lyme disease and what are they?
Three stages. Stage 1 early localized. Stage 2 early disseminated. Stage 3 late persistent infection.
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What is characteristic to Stage 1 Lyme?
Erythema migrans. Single annular lesion with central clearing. Bullseye rash. Mild-flu like. Resolves 3-4 wks
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What is characteristic to Stage 2 lyme?
Rash with multiple lesions because bacteria spreads systemically causing lesions elsewhere.
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What is characteristic to Stage 3 Lyme?
Neuropsyche, joint pain,
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How is Lyme tested for?
Check IgM and IgG antibodies, ELISA and Western Blot
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What do MRSA and DRSP have in common?
Alternate binding sites in cell make them resistant to abx.
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Common organisms associated with cellulitis?
Gram positive organisms. Staph Aureus and Group A beta-hemolytic strep
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Treatment for cellulitis?
Dicloxacillin TID x 10 days, or a macrolide (azithromycin, clarithromycin)
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What antibiotics are stable in the presence of beta lactamase?
Macrolides, certain cephalosporins (cephalexin, cefadroxil) and synthetic penicillins (dicloxacillin, methicillin, oxicillin, nafcillin)or ADD a beta-lactam to the antibiotic
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Lesion appearance in MRSA wound?
Dark center to lesion
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What is the 'Panton- Valentine Leukocidin Toxin' PVL?
Present in 80% of CAMRSA but rare in HAMRSA.
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What is worrisome about the Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Toxin?
Promotes lysis of human leukocytes and associated severe necrotizing skin infections and hemorrhagic pneumonia
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