Water

• 1) Wetland soils
• 2) wetland vegetation
• 3) wetland hydrology

• 1) Stream sinuosity (snaking) floodplain connectivity- wetland benefits
• 2) aquatic habitat- for amphibians and fish;
• 3) ripple and pool complexes- aquatic habitat and DO addition

• Plant uptake
• Settle sediment

Water table close to roots

water table much deeper than roots

• Reduced water outflow
• Denitrification
• Improved crop yield (soil moisture)

• 1) Nutrient management
• 2) Controlled drainage
• 3) Restored wetlands
• 4) Buffers
• 5) Cover crops

• Clog drainage ways
• Coat fish gills
• Prevent light penetration and photosynthesis by SAV
• Pollutants attached to sediment

• Detachment
• Transport
• Deposition

• Erosion
• Soluble P in surface layers
• Leaching due to high P index

• nitrate leaching
• less dentrification

Nitrate into nitrogen

Make into gas

Ammonia to nitrates

Phosphorus, Nitrogen;

Phosphorus is bound to sediment and not avalible until iron disolves in anarobic conditions of estuary and the chemical reaction with sea water rids the sites of Phosphorus

Nitrogen is limited in salt waters because much Nitrogen is weakened or drawn out during transport to estuaries