-
Alismataceae
- water plantain
- e.g. Sagitarria, Alisma
- nothing fused
- hypogenous (flowers not always perfect)
- emergent
- veins arched, not true parallel, leaves fleshy
- flowers pink or white, petals look crumpled, not long lived
-
Potamogetonaceae
- pondweed
- rooted in mud, submerged, float
- floating leaves may differ from submerged ones
- leaves alternate & simple
- flowers very reduced
-
Commelinaceae
- dayflower, spiderwort
- 2 genera, regular flowers (Tradescantia), irregular flowers (Commelina)
- stem & leaves fleshy
- sepals & petals differ in color & texture
- flower clusters born in spathe (in most)
- showy petals, delicate, open for <1 day
- early summer
-
Araceae
- Arum (jack in pulpit), Symplocarpus (skunk cabbage)
- reduces imperfect flowers, often lacking petals & sepals
- change sex as grow, immature (male), mature (female)
- fleshy spike (spadix) w/ spathe
- leaf not always parallel veined
-
Lemnaceae
- duckweed, Wolfia, Lemna, Spirodella
- smallest of angiosperms
- body just a thallus (can't divide into root & stem)
- 1 reduced flower, 1 ovary or stamen enclosed by spathe
- usually reproduce by budding
-
Juncaceae
- Juncus (rush)
- 3 or 6 stamens
- pistil either 3 chambered or 3 styles in 1 chamber
- flowers not showy
- round stem
- wetlands
-
Cyperaceae
- sedge
- Carex, Scirpus (bulrush), Cyperus (flat sedges, nutsedge), Eleocharis
- sepals & petals missing or reduced to bristles
- flower protected by 1 bract below
- 1 ovary, 1 seed, 2 or 3 carpels, 3 or 6 stamens
- some may be imperfect flowers
- stems often triangular, leaves alternate
-
Poaceae
- usually round stems, leaves in 2 rows, 2 bracts below each flower
- 1 seeded ovary, fused to wall, grain
- usually 2 feathery styles, 3 stamens
- lodicules - scales
- flowers enclosed by 2 bracts
- lemna - modified leaf to protect flower
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