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What are TCA's?
tricyclic antidepressants; they act on both serotonin and norepinephrine by slowing the rate of the reuptake of these chemicals; it may take several weeks to see full effect
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What are TCA's named for?
their chemical three ring structure
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What are in the main indications for TCA's?
clinical depression, pain, and ADHD
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Aside from the main indications what else can TCA's be used for?
smoking cessation, headache, and bulimia
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Whart are some of the adverse side effects of TCA's?
dry mouth, blurred vision, decreased gastro-intestinal motility and secretion, urinary retension or difficulty with urination, hyperthermia
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What is some patient education associated with TCA's?
do not discontinue therapy unless otherwise directed; avoid alcohol while taking medication
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What is the drug class and brand name for amitryptiline?
TCA; Elavil
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What is the drug class and brand name for doxepin?
TCA; Sinequan
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What is the drug class and brand name for imipramine?
TCA; Tofranil
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What is the drug class and brand name for nortriptyline?
TCA; Pamelor
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What is the drug class and brand name for trazodone? How old should patient by to take this medication?
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Antagonist; Desyrel; this med is not for children under 18 years of age
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What is the drug class and generic name for Effexor? What is this medication indicated for?
Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor; Venlafaxine; used for depression and anxiety disorders
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What is the drug class and generic name for Cymbalta? What is this medication used for?
serotonin/norepinephrine and slight dopamine reuptake inhibitor; Duloxetine; used for depression and neuropathic pain (in diabetes)
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What is the drug class and generic name for Wellbutrin? What can it be used for?
Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor; Bupropion; can be used for depression and smoking cessation
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What is the drug class and generic name for Remeron?
Alpha2 antagonist; mirtazipine
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Aside from regular tablet form, what other form does remeron come in? How does remeron work?
it comes in SolTab form which dissolves on the tongue within 30 seconds; it increases the release of norepinephrine (not a reuptake med)
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What is the drug class and brand name for lorazepam?
benzodiazepine; Ativan
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What is the drug class and brand name for clonazepam?
benzodiazepine; Klonopin, Rivotril
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What is the drug class and brand name for alprazolam?
benzodiazepine; Xanax
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What is the drug class and brand name for diazepam?
benzodiazepine; Valium
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What is the drug class and brand name for buspirone?
benzodiazepine; Buspar
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what are benzos considered?
a minor tranquilizers
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What can benzos be used as?
sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics, anticonvulsants, muscle relaxants
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What can occur with long term use of benzos?
physiological tolerance and psychological dependency (50% at 6 mos)
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What are some of the withdrawal symtoms associated with benzos?
insomnia, rebound REM sleep, panic attacks/anxiety, tachycardia, hypertension, tremors, depression, loss of apeptite
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How do benzos produce their effects?
by modulating the GABA receptor
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What is the GABA receptor?
the most prolific inhibitory receptor within the brain
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What are some of the side effects associated with benzos?
dizziness, drowsiness, and disorientation
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What is some patient education associated with benzos?
indicated for short term use, avoid alcohol, medication may be habit forming
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