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VET1400: Neurological drugs
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Acepromazine
-typically used as
pre-med
or orally for car trips/fireworks
-can lower BP
-can lower seizure threshold
-cats can have reverse effect (manic)
-penile prolapse in stallions
-sight hounds highly sensitive
Dexmedetomidine
aka Dexdomitor
-also has analgesic effects
-can be reversed with Antisedan
(reverse can be partial depending on dose given)
-usually given with an opiod
Xylazine
-analgesia variable
-used extensively in EQUINE
(not so much in small animals can cause vomiting in cats and aerophagia in dogs)
-Bovine are very sensitive to it
Ketamine
-dissociative
-by itself not very effective but great in combination (usually combined with diazepam)
-mild analgesia UNLESS used as CRI (great analgesia)
-injectable only (IV or IM)
Used for:
-restraint
-diagnostic procedures
-minor surgical procedures
Thiopental
-barbiturate
-very lipophillic (fat loving)
-potent cardiovascular and resp. depression
-sight hounds very sensitive (bc they lack body fat)
-IV injectable only (tissue necrosis if given perivasularly)
Buprenorphine
-C III opiod
-has long lasting effects (8-12 hrs) but takes about an hour to be effective when given SQ or sub-lingual
-can also be given IV
Butorphanol
-C IV opiod
-produces variable analgesia and only lasts 1-2 hours
-has virtually no analgesic effects when given orally
Phenobarbital
-C IV barbiturate, but is not generally used as an anesthetic agent
-can be given IV to help control status epilepticus
-long half-life so may require loading dose (takes 5 half lives to reach stead state)
Diazepam
(Valium)
-used IV to treat status epilepticus
-can also be given rectally to dogs
cholenergic drugs....
INCREASE SLUDDE
(Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Dyspnea, Defecation, Emesis)
-parasympathetic
Pentobarbital
-barbituate
-anticonvulsant (65mg/ml)
or
-euth solution (260-390 mg/ml)
Etomidate
-primarily used for those with cardiac disease or are critically ill
-can inhibit adrenocortical function
Guaifenesin
-skeletal muscle relaxant
-used in combination with another anesthetic drug to induce general anesthesia in horses (CRI)
Propofol
-Short acting (lasts 2-5 minutes)
-NO analgesia
-can cause resp. depression if given too fast
Inhalant Anesthetics
1. Halothane (OLD AND NOT USED ANYMORE)
-prolonged response to rate adjustment
2. Isoflurane (most common currently)
-rapid induction of anesthesia and short recoveries
-vigilant monitoring is needed because animal can change anesthetic planes quickly
-can irritate the resp system (coughing next day)
3. Sevoflurane (newest)
-very similar to Iso
-in large breeds has faster response to rate changes
Reversals (Sympatholytics)
-Block alpha 2 receptors, used to reverse alpha 2 agonits
YOHIMBINE reverses Xylazine
ATIPAMEZOLE reverses Metetomidine (can do partial reversal)
Mu Agonists
Block the binding of opiods to their receptors.
-used to treat resp and CNS depression from Opiod Overdose!
Examples: Naloxone and Nalrexone
Author
saraskate0512
ID
44531
Card Set
VET1400: Neurological drugs
Description
VET1400: Neurological Drugs
Updated
2010-10-24T16:13:38Z
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