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The Ice berg analogy of culture
- Beahviour
- Beliefs
- Values and Thought Patterds
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What is culture shock?
- Inability to cope with a new cultural environment
- - being overloaded with unfamiliar stimuli
- - being confronted with a different way of life
- - inability to ask questions or understand answers
- - inability to recognise food
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What are some physical symptoms of culture shock?
- Stress on health and safety
- Fear of physical contact with hosts
- Craving
- Use of alcohol and drugs
- Over concern about cleanliness
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What are some psychological symptoms of culture shock?
- Insomnia, fatigue
- Isolation, loneliness
- Disorientation
- Frustration
- Criticisms of the host country
- Nervousness, irratability, depression
- Anger
- Self-doubt
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What are the five types of culture shock?
- Role shock: lack of knowledge about rules of behaviour
- Language shock: lack of common language, inability to communicate properly
- Cultural fatigue: tired due to constant adjustment to new culture
- Transition shock: initial phase of adjustment
- Re-entry shock: phase of adjustment after returning to home country
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How to cope with culture shock
- Know that your reactions are normal
- Stay in contact with family and friends
- Seek others from your own cultural background who have adjusted to the experience
- Seek other new people for support
- Seek people from the new culture who can help you learn
- Join a community group
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What are norms and values??
- Values:
- the goal of our lives
- abstract and general
- basis for norms of societies
- Norms:
- rules that govern our lives
- expecations, rules of behaviour
- develop out of values
- guidelines for behaviour
- informal or formal (laws)
- specific in comparison to values
- outward expressiongs of societys values
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What are some elements of nonverbal communication?
- Tone of voice
- Gestures
- Social relationships
- Silence
- Manners and behaviours
- Customs and rituals
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Introduction and Greetings
Bowing
- Common in many Asian countries
- nonverbal gesture of recognition
- Japan = more complex
- Handshake now complements/replaces bowing
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Eye contact
- Speaking vs Listening eye behaviour
- Direct or indirecr eye contact
- Social hierarchy and eye contact
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Facial expression
The nod, the smile
- Nod:
- way of agreeing/disagreeing
- as a listening tool - 4 meanings
- - im listening and agree
- - listening, dont necessarily agree
- - very confused byt want you to keep talking
- - trying to encourage
- Smile:
- multiple meanings
- in asia often means fearor embarrassment
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Hand gestures
- Broad or small (italian v asian)
- Same gesture can = different meaning
- Touching
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Respect
- expressed through:
- eye contact
- exnchanging business cards
- way of greeting
- order of introduction
- tone of voice
- gifts
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How is silence perceived in both western and eastern cultures?
- Western: negative
- Asian: respectful and positive
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