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Thickest walled, powerful chamber of the heart:
left ventricle
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Large vessels returning blood to the right atrium:
superior and inferior vena cava
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Thinnest walled blood vessels:
capillaries
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Inner lining of the heart:
endocardium
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Last valve which blood passes through on its way of of the heart:
aortic valve
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Active phase of the cardiac cycle _______, resting phase _______
systole, diastole
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Outer layer of the heart:
epicardium
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Muscular layer of the heart:
myocardium
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Normal heart mechanism, but fast:
Sinus tachycardia
-
Normal heart mechanism, but slow:
sinus bradycardia
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Range for normal adult heart rate:
60-100 bpm
-
Tricuspid valve separates which two chambers:
right atrium, right ventricle
-
Valve between left atrium and ventricle:
mitral (bicuspid) valve
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Superior vena cava delivers blood to the:
right atrium
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Outside covering or sac surrounding the heart:
pericardium
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Thin-walled upper heart chambers, receiving blood from veins:
atria
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Valve between right ventricle and pulmonary artery:
pulmonic valve
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Umbilical cord - how many veins, how many arteries:
1 vein, 2 arteries
-
List, in order, the components of the heart's electrical conduction system:
SA node>AV node>Bundle of His>L/R bundle branches>Purkinje fibers
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Medical term for a heart attack:
myocardial infarction
-
Causes of pumonary vasoconstriction:
hypoxia, hypercapnia, high altitude, acidemia
-
Vessels which return blood to the heart:
veins
-
Vessels which supply blood, oxygen, nutrients to the heart:
coronary arteries
-
Universal blood donor type:
O
-
Heart's rest period between contractions:
diastole
-
Vessels which carry blood, osygen, nutrients out to the body:
arteries
-
Average PO2 in the umbilical arteries during fetal life:
20 hg/mm
-
Differences between fetal cirulation and adult circulation:
ductus arteriousus, ductus venosus, foramen ovale
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Most oxygenated blood from the placenta enters the _________ via the __________.
right atrium, umbilical cord
-
Alveoli count in a normal newborn:
24 million
-
Approximate tidal volume in a newborn:
15 ml
-
Medical term for RBCs and WBCs:
erythrocytes, leukocytes
-
Three primary functions of the blood:
Carry oxygen, carry nutrients, defend against infection
-
What happens in the heart during the P wave?
atria contracts (depolarizes)
-
What happens in the heart during the QRS complex?
ventricles contracts (depolarizes)
-
What happens to the heart during the T wave?
atria repolarizes
-
What is the duration of the PR interval?
.12 - .20 seconds
-
BP = _____ x _____
BP = CO x SVR
(SVR is systemic vascular resistance)
-
CO = _____ X _____
CO = SV x HR
- (*SV IS APPROX 70 ml)
- CO is cardiac output expressed in L/min (normal ~5 L/min)
- SV is stroke volume per beat (normal ~70ml)
- HR is the number of beats per minute
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