AP Biology Chapters 35-36

uses energy from ATP to pump hydrogen ions out of the cell

the process in which energy stored in the form of a hydrogen ion gradient across a membrane is used to drive cellular work

associated with the transition from vegetative growth to flowering

the morphological changes that arise from transitions in shoot apical meristem activity

→ the form of the stele of the root in angiosperms.

→ an organ consisting of an alternating system of nodes and internodes.

a protective vein enclosing which consists of one or more layers of cells

the vascular tissue of leaves

the parts of the root and shoot systems produced by apical meristems

the cell contents exclusive of the cell wall

several types of tissues that together carry out particular functions

the points at which leaves are attached

consists of stems and leaves

the form of the stele of the root in angiosperms

connections from vascular bundles in the stem

→ {tonoplast} regulates molecular traffice between the cytosol and the other vacuolar contents

charge separation across the membrane contributes to a voltage called this, its another form of potential energy that can be harnessed to perform cellular work

Embryonic plant tissue in the tips of roots and in the buds of shoots that supplies cells for the plant to grow in length.

Thinner regions in the walls of tracheids and vessels where only primary walls are present.

A primary meristem that gives rise to ground tissue in plants.

→ A point along the stem of a plant at which leaves are attached..