Medical Terminology OFT 140

the presence of small red blood cells

the presence of large red blood cells

the presence of red blood cells of unequal size (an= without; iso= equal)

the presence of large, irregularly shaped red blood cells (poikil/o= irregular)

an increase of immature erythrocytes in the blood

an abnormally reduced number of red blood cells

an abnormally reduced number of lymphocytes

a decrease in the number of neutrophils

an abnormally reduced number of all cellular components in the blood

breakdown of the red blood cell membrane

impaired immunological defenses caused by an immunodeficiency order or therapy with immunosupressive agents

Impaired ability to provide an immune response

the presence of enlarged (diseased) lymph nodes

enlargement of the spleen

a syndrome caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that renders immune cells ineffective, permitting opportunistic infections, malignancies, & neurological diseases to develop; it is transmitted sexually or through exposure to contaminated blood

a condition in which there is a reduction in the number of red blood cells, the amount of hemoglobin, or the volume of packed red cells within the blood, resulting in the diminished ability of the red blood cells to transport oxygen to the tissue (3 common types= aplastic anemia, iron deficiency anemia, pernicious anemia)

a normocytic-normochromic type of anemia characterized by the failure of bone marrow to produce red blood cells

a microcytic-hypochromic type of anemia characterized by a lack of iron, affecting production of hemoglobin & characterized by small red blood cells containing low amounts of hemoglobin

a macrocytic-normochromic type of anemia characterized by an inadequate supply of vitamin B₁₂, causing red blood cells to become large, varied in shape, & reduced in number

any disorder characterized by the abnormal function of the immune system that caused the body to produce antibodies against itself, resulting in tissue destruction or loss of function (rheumatoid arthritis, lupus)

a disorder that results from the incompatibility of a fetus with an Rh-positive blood factor & a mother who is Rh-negative, causing red blood cell destruction in the fetus; necessitates a blood transfusion to save the fetus

the presence, or lack, of antigens on the surface of red blood cells that may cause a reaction between the blood of a mother & fetus, resulting in fetal anemia

a hereditary disorder that results in an excessive buildup of iron deposits in the body

a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which there is a defect in clotting factors necessary for the coagulation of blood

a chronic or acute malignant (cancerous) disease of the blood forming organs, marked by abnormal leukocytes in the blood & bone marrow; classified according to the white cells affected (myelocytic, lymphocytic, etc)

a disorder within the bone marrow characterized by the proliferation of abnormal stem cells (cells that give rise to different types of blood cells); usually develops into a specific type of leukemia

the process by which cancer cells are spread by blood or lymph circulation to distant organs

a condition caused by the Epstein-Barr virus characterized by an increase in mononuclear cells (monocytes & lymphocytes) in the blood, along with enlarged lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy), fatigue, & sore throat (pharyngitis)

an increase in the number of erythrocytes & hemoglobin in the blood

a systemic disease caused by the infection of microorganisms & their toxins in the circulating blood

a bleeding disorder characterized by an abnormal decrease in the number of platelets in the blood, which impairs the clotting process