Biology4.txt

Drugs that kill or disable infectious deceases.

The drug binds to Ribosomes

• - Single celled - Prokaryotes, protists
• - Multi-celled - Plants, animals, and most fungi

It is an increase in the object's apparent size compared with its actual size.

Clarify the magnified image

Bacteria and Archaea

• - Smaller
• - Lack internal structures
• - surrounded my membrane
• - Lack nucleus

Protists, plants, fungi, and animals

Thin outer membrane, which regulates the flow of traffic of molecules between the cell and its surroundings.



Made mostly of Phospholipids and Proteins.



Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic.

Tiny structures that build/synthesize proteins according to instructions from the DNA

.

They do their job in Cytoplasm.

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic.

The entire region of cell between the nucleus and plasma membrane.

Eukaryotic

Only in Plant cells. 

An organelle that converts light energy into food energy.

Made of Cellulose fibers.

Only in Eukaryotic Plant cells.

• Extracellular matrix - Sticky coat that holds cells together.

• Cell junctions - Connects to other cells.

• The Nucleus is bordered by the Nuclear Envelope (A double Membrane, which is similar to the plasma membrane).
• The nucleus holds DNA.

DNA and associated proteins create fibers called Chromatin.

A lot of Chromatins together create a Chromosome.

Where Ribosomes are made.

Inside Nucleus.

• - Rough ER
• - Smooth ER
• - Golgi Apparatus
• - Lysosomes
• - Vacuoles

• Is rough, because of the Ribosomes on the outside.
• These Ribosomes produce membrane protein and secretory proteins.

Is located in Cytoplasm.

Some products manufactured by Rough ER are dispatched to other locations in the cell via "Transport Vesicles".

• Has Many Functions:
• - Synthesis of lipids, including steroids.
• - Detoxify liver cells.

Works with ER to refine, store, receive, and distribute chemical products in the cell.

A sac of digestive enzymes that break down large molecules, such as proteins, polysaccharides, fats, and nucleic acids. They also fight Bacteria.

They also "pack" away nutrients in Food vacuoles.

They are found only in Animals!

Sacs that bud from the ER, Golgi, or Plasma membrane.

The central vacuole of a plant cell stores organic nutrients.

In photosynthesis cells of plants and algae. Works in the Photosynthesis process.

Cellular respiration. It takes Sugar and other food and creates a chemical energy called ATP. The inner part is called Cristae.

Used for movement.

Only in Eukaryotic.