use of a single finger (example: index finger applied to inner border of mandible beneath the canine-premolar area to determine the presence of a torus mandibularis)
digital
use of finger and thumb of the same hand (example: palpation of the lips)
bidigital
use of finger or fingers and thumb from each hand applied simultaneously in coordination. (example: index finger of one hand palpates on the floor of mouth inside, while a finger or fingers from the other hand pres on the same area from under the chin externally)
bimanual
two hands are used at the same time to examine corresponding structures on opposite sides of the body. comparisons may be made. (example: fingers placed beneath the chin to palpate the submandibular lymph nodes)
bilateral
what are six things you look for during observation of the patient?
posture
gait
general health status
hair
breathing
voice
what are some things to look for when looking at the patients skin?
color, texture, blemishes
traumatic lesion, bruises
eruption, swellings, growths
whites of the eyes
sclera
what do you look for when looking at the pupil
size
flap of tissue anterior to ear canal
tragus
inner border of ear
antihelic
inflammation of lymph nodes
lymphadenopathy
what are some causes of lymphadenopathy
infection
viral infection
bacterial infection
cancer
what is it called when the cancer goes from the lymph nodes to another part of the body?
metasitasis
how many lymph nodes are in the body?
400-700
how many lymph nodes are in the neck?
170-200
what are three glads that are palpated?
parotid glands
submandibular glands
sublingual glands
what are four potential problems with salivary glands
obstruction of flow
inflammation
infection
tumors
the thyroid glad is an _____ gland and is _____ shaped
endocrine
bowtie
two types of disorders associated with the thyroid are?
hyperthyroidism-enlarged
hypothyroidism -too small
The TMJ is a ______ joint that connects the ____ to the _____bone
complicated
mandible
temporal
piece of cartilage that keeps the skull and mandible from rubbing against each other
articular disc
what methods are used to examine the TMJ
inspection
palpation
_____ motions are the correct way to palpate and ____ fingers is incorrect
circular
dancing
when palpating healthy structures _____ is anything detectable
rarely
what are you palpating for?
shape
consistency
mobility
tenderness
what are the normal findings for lymph nodes of the head and neck
lymph noes not detectable
no tenderness
where are the occipital nodes located?
base of skull
where are the posterior auricular lymph nodes located
behind the ear
what are notable findings of the salivary glands?
swollen or enlarged
firm, hard consistency
tender
on the boards if there is popping and clicking when is it notable?
if it is painful
in the clinic if there is popping and clicking when is it notable?
always note it
a ____ and _____ exam could save a patients life
head and neck exam
the cervical lymph nodes lie above, beneath and posterior to the ______ muscle
sternomastoid
____ ____ play an important part in body's defencse against infection
lymph nodes
how many lymph nodes are located in the neck?
170-200
what is the medical term for an enlarged lymph node?
lymphadenopathy
which of the following structures is usually not assessed during the head and neck examination?
B. ear drum
what is the largest salivary gland?
parotid gland
the thyroid gland secretes hormones that?
control the body's metabolic rate
what are six things that can be described when a patient has a lesion?
