CWNA

• Covers a vast geographical area
• May use cellular technologies
• 802.11wireless networking infrastructure
• cannot be deployed as WWAN

• Covers a smaller geographical area such as a city
• May use 802.16 technology
• Used as a backhaul
• Competes with DSL and Cable internet connections

• Used within a close proximity
• Connects PDA’s, Phones, Laptops, Ear pieces and etc.
• Uses Bluetooth 802.15
• Uses ZigBee
• Low Bandwidth and Throughput are Normal with
• WPAN use

• Defined in 802.11-2007
• Refined in 802.11 Amendments
• May include several AP’s
• Common in SOHO Networking
• Increasingly Common in Enterprise Networking

An Access Point (AP) and any associated Stations

• The communication between multiple access points that share a network infrastructure
• Is one or more basic service sets that share a distribution system medium.

• Involves direct communication between 802.11 client stations without the use of an access point
• Known as peer to peer network or an ad hoc network

• Access Point Modes
• –Bridge Mode
• –Workgroup Bridge Mode
• –Repeater Mode
• –Root Mode
• –Scanner Mode

• •Station Modes
• –Infrastructure Mode
• –Ad Hoc Mode

• •Interconnects a set of basic service sets
• (BBS) via integrated LAN’s creating an Extended Service Set (ESS)
• Used for transport of traffic as well as services used for transport of traffic

logical physical medium used to connect access points 802.3 backbone

• used to manage client associations, reassociations, and diassociations
• A system service built inside an autonomous access point or WAN controller usually in the form of software

• A DS that uses the Wireless Medium
• connects accesspoints together
• Examples include:
• –Bridges
• –Repeaters
• –Wireless Mesh Networks

• The logical name used to identify a wireless
• network
• Made up of 32 characters and is lower case

• The 48 bit MAC address used by
• the AP in a Basic Service Set (BSS

• Enables (Mac Service Data Unit) MSDU’s to be
• Delivered between the non-802.11 LAN and the Distribution System
• A Frame Format Transfer Method

• -Collision Detection
• More Efficient
• Less Overhead
• Transmits and listens for collisions
• -Collision Avoidance
• Less Efficient
• More Overhead
• Listens to medium prior to transmission

• Performed by stations not Transmitting or Receiving
• Listening for any 802.11 traffic

• Uses a logical timer called the Network Allocation Vector (NAV)
• Stations can not transmit unless the NAV value is 0

a peroid of tie that exists between transmissions of wireless frames.

• Final Timer used prior to Transmission
• Reduces the Chance the two or more Wireless
• Stations Transmit Simultaneously

• Mandatory access mode of 802.11 standard
• Provides CSMA/CA
• Main Components Include:
• –Interframe Space
• –Virtual Carrier Sense
• –Physical Carrier Sense
• –Random Back-off Timer

• Is a form of Polling
• The AP acts as a Point Coordinator
• Only works within a BSS
• Optional Contention Method
• Has a great deal of Overhead
• Not currently Implemented

• Introduced in 802.11e
• Uses Transmit Opportunities
• –Period of time to transmit
• –Assigns Priority to traffic
• •Creates two Access Methods
• –Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA)
• –HCF Controlled Channel Access

the use of TXOPs and access categories in EDCA as well as the use of TXOPs and polling during HCCA

a timer mechanism that maintains a prediction of future traffic on the medium based on duration value information seen in a previous frame transmission