567

Foods that contain elements necessary for body function, including water, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals

Proportion of essential nutrients to the number of calories of a specific food

• 4 kcal
• Dietary classification of food such as sugars, starches, cellulose, and gum

• Building blocks that construct proteins
• The end products of protein digestion

the body does not synthesize

the body synthesizes

• 9 kcal
• triglycerides
• fatty acids

Organic compounds essential in small quantities for normal physiological and metabolic functioning of the body

• A
• D
• E
• K

• C
• B complex

Inorganic elements essential to the body because of their role as catalysts in biochemical reactions

Minerals classified as having a daily requirement of 100 mg or more

• Minerals when less than 100 mg is needed daily
• Microminerals

Proteins produced by living cells that catalyze chemical reactions in organic matter

Viscous, semifluid contents of the stomach present during digestion of a meal that eventually pass into the intestines

• Secretin
• Cholecystokinin (CCK)

conversion of simple substances into more complex compounds of living matter

The breaksown of biochemical substances into simplee substances

Anabolism of glucose into glycogen for storage

Catabolism of glycogen into glucose, carbon dioxide, and water

Formation of glucose or glycogen from substances that are not carbohydrates, such as proteins or lipids

Set of dietary standards for eight nutrients and food categories

• 18-24.9 normal
• 25-30 overweight
• <30 obeses

nutrients given in GI tract

nutrition support given through IV

• Nasogastric
• Nasointestinal
• PEG
• PEJ
• Jejunostomy
• Gastrostomy