Social Psych Ch.8

Two or more people with a common goal, mutually influencing each other, shared feeling of we-ness

perform simple tasks better in other's presence

• participants wound fishing reel as fast as they could either by themselves or with others present, wound faster when others present.
• Deals with: Social Facilitation

when presence of others impairs performance, in difficult or unfamiliar tasks

• presence of others increases arousal
• arousal increases dominant responses

those things we do naturally

increases stress and arousal

• Evaluation Apprehension
• distracting
• arousing

concern about how we are being evaluated by others

People exert less effort when their efforts are pooled with others, diffusion of responsibility

• whether individual efforts can be singled out,
• high evaluability=social facilitation,
• low evaluability=social loafing

loss of self awareness or concern for others when in crowd

• Group Size (the bigger the more one is unidentifiable)
• lynch mobs,
• physical anonymity

pre existing tendencies of members become intensified in group settings

people make riskier decisions when in group

• Informational influence: we hear novel arguments in group discussion,
• Normative influence: desire to abide by group norm

• Occasions when cohesive groups ignore rational appraisals as a result of concurrence seeking,
• happens when group is friendly, isolation from others, directive leadership

general knowledge questions, logic problems, eyewitness testimony

consistent in their viewpoint, self confidence, defect from majority

leaders are born, share same qualities

no leader fits all

leaders with clear sense of vision that inspires followers