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The path of genetic information from DNA to RNA is ________ and from RNA to protein is_______.
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RNA is a linear polymer made of _____ different types of _________ _________ linked together by a ___________ bond.
- 4
- nucleotide subunits
- phosphodiester
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Name 2 ways RNA differs from DNA chemically:
1._______________
2._______________
- The nucleotides in RNA are ribonucleotidesIt contains the base uracil versus thymine found in DNA
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True/False: In RNA the phosphodiester linkage between nucleotides in RNA is different than in DNA
- False
- The phosphodiester chemical linkage is the same in RNA as in DNA
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In transcription, incoming nucleotides are:
A) ADP CDP UDP GDP
B) ATP TTP CTP GTP
C) ATP CTP UTP GTP
D) ADP CDP TDP GDP
C) Collectively known as the ribonucleoside triphosphates
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Provide 3 ways in which RNA differs from DNA
Hint: linkage, initiation, and storage
- I) RNA Polymerase catalyzes the linkage of ribonucleotides, not deoxyribonucleotides
- II) RNA Polymerase can start an RNA chain without a primerIII) RNA does not permanently store genetic information in cell
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A Type of RNA that codes for proteins:
A) mRNAs
B) tRNAs
C) rRNAs
D) snRNA
- A) mRNAs
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_____ forms the basic structure of the ribosome, and catalyzes protein synthesis:
A) tRNAs
B) mRNAs
C) miRNAs
D) rRNAs
D) rRNAs
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Central to protein synthesis as adaptors between mRNA and amino acids:
A) rRNAs
B) scaRNAs
C) tRNAs
D) siRNAs
C) tRNAs
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________ function in a variety of nuclear processes, including the splicing of pre-mRNA:
A) snoRNAs
B) rRNAs
C) tRNAs
D) snRNAs
D) snRNAs
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_____ are used to process and chemically modify rRNAs
A) snRNAs
B) siRNAs
C) non-coding RNAs
D) snoRNAs
D) snoRNAs
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_________ are used to modify snoRNAs and snRNAs:
A) miRNAs
B) non-coding RNAs
C) scaRNAs
D) siRNAs
- C) scaRNAs (small cajal RNAs)
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____ turn off gene expression by directing degradation of selective mRNAs and the establishment of compact chromatin structures:
A) siRNAs
B) Non-coding RNAs
C) miRNAs
D) scaRNAs
A) siRNAS (small interfering RNAs)
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_____ regulate gene expression typically by blocking translation of selective mRNAs
A) rRNAs
B) miRNAs
C) snRNAs
D) non-coding RNAs
B) miRNAs (micro RNAs)
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____ function in diverse cell processes, including telomere synthesis, X-chromosome inactivation, and the transport of proteins into the ER:
A) RNA polymerase
B) non-coding RNAs
C) spliceosome
D) ribosomal RNAs
B) non-coding RNAs
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