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Constitutions limit government authority by setting forth individual liberties that the government cannot violate.
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The constitution is seen as the "supreme law of the land"
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A constitution cannot be changed by the ordinary acts of government bodies; change can come only through a process of general popular consent
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The Mayflower Compact set a precedent of a government established by contract with the governed.
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Interferance in American affairs by British led to the First Continental Congress and the Declaration of Independence.
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The first to sign the Declaration of Independence was John Hancock.
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The Revolutionary war ended with the surrender of Charles Cornwallis at Yorktown, Virginia.
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Under the Article of Confederation, the United States was really a confederation of sovereign nations.
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During the War of Independence from Great Britain, 90 percent of the funds requisitioned by Congress from the states was never paid.
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Without national power to regulated interstate commerce under the Articles of Confereation states were free to taxx the goods from other states.
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Tarrif - a tax imposed on imported products.
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Under the Articles of Confederation, each state could coin and regulate money. Legal tender laws required creditors to accept state money if offered as payment of a debt.
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Shay's Rebellion caused America's leaders to support the creation of a strong central government in order to do away with state militias.
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Following the meeting at Mont Vernon, the Annapolis Convention, meant to discuss interstate commerce, turned out to be a key stepping-stone for the Constitutional convention of 1787
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Rhode Island refused to send delegates to teh Constitutional Convention.
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Republicanism- government by representatives of the people.
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The Founders believed that the people should only be able to select the representatives in the House of Representatives.
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The idea that governement originates form an implied contract among people who agree to obey laws in exchange for protection of their natural rights is social contract.
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The Founders shared a bleif in nationalism - that a strong national government with the power to govern directly.
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The man who was known as "First in war, first in peace, first in the hearts of his countrymen" was George Washington.
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The only legal source of authority for both the states and the nations is the US Constitution.
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Federalism was design to share power between the national government and the states.
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The United states, under the Article of Confederation, was a confederation.
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Under federalism, the essential day-to-day services, such as fire and police protection, are provided by the state and local governments.
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The Federal system in the United States is large and complex and the three levels of governmetn are National, state, and local.
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The Founders believed that majority rule in a democratic government made it particularly important to devise ways to protect minorities and individuals form unjust majorities.
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The Founders belived that federalism would help to protect liberty, disperse power, and manage conflict.
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Federalism divides the powers of government between the nation adn the states.
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By seperating powers among the national branches and between the national government and the states, the Founders believed that the governments would control each other and themselves.
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Rather than being a sovereign political state, the European Union is more of an economic alliance.
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State income taxes are set by individual state governments.
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States have the right to provide education, highways, and social welfare as part of their reserved powers.
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Embodied in the Tenth Amendment, powers not granted to the national government but not specifically denied to the stats in the constitution are the reserved powers.
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The Constitution denies the national government the power to give preferance to the ports of any state.
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The Bill of Rights originally applied only to the national government.
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The Fourteenth Amendment provided that the stats must also adhere to the funamental guarantees found in the Bill of Rights.
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Federalism has evolved over the last 200 years from a state-centered division of power to a nation-centered system of government.
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Under state-centered federalism, the supremacy of the national government was frequently challanged.
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Under state-centered federalism, the states were responsible for resolving most policy questions and providing most public services.
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Under dual federalism, the national government concentrated is attention on its delegated powers.
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The model of federalism in which policy responsibilieties are merged among national, state and local government, is described as a marble cake.
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Review the Supreme Courts decision on the case of McCulloch vs Maryland.
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