Chapter 4 - THE CELL

1.5 turns of DNA is made up of _____nucleotide pairs spaces at ____nm

The human genome consists of approximately ______ nucleotides that is distributed amongst ____ different chromosomes

The complex of DNA, histones, and nonhistone proteins found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is:
A) chromosomes
B) condensin
C) chromatin
D) histone chaperone

The complex of proteins involved in chromosome condensation prior to mitosis:
A) chromatin
B) nonhistone proteins
C) histone complex
D) condensin

Humans have ___ genes versus bacteria that has about ___ genes.

In addition to introns and exons, genes associate with ____ ____ _____ which is responsible for expressing the gene in the proper cell and turning it on or off at the proper time.

___% of DNA codes for proteins in a human genome.
A) 80%
B) 5%
C) 47%
D) 19%

During ___ chromosomes are replicated, and during ____they become highly condense and known as _________.
A) interphase; mitosis; mitotic chromosomes
B) interphase; mitosis; interphase chromosomes
C) mitosis; interphase; interphase chromosomes
D) mitosis; interphase; mitotic chromosomes

Each DNA molecule that forms a linear chromosome must contain:
1. __________
2. __________
3. __________

Human centromeres contain up to _________ nucleotide pairs

In eukaryotic chromosome packing, the "string" represents ____, and each "bead" represents ______?
A) histone; molecule of DNA
B) DNA; nucleosome core particle
C) DNA; H1 histone
D) DNA; chromatin remodeling complex

How many molecules of each histone is present in the histone octamer? Name all histones and state the length of nucleotide pairs in the DNA.
A) 1; H1 H2A H2B H3 H4; 10
B) 1; H2A H2B H3 H4; 147
C) 2; H1 H2A H2B H3 H4; 10
D) 2; H2A H2B H3 H4; 147

Each nucleosome core particle is separated from the next by a region of ______

A diploid human cell with 6,400,000,000 nucleotide pairs contains ~__ million nucleosomes.

Each core histone has a __________ _____ region called a _______ ____ that is formed by ____ alpha helices that are connected by __ loops.

Eukaryotic cells contain a variety of ATP-dependent _________ __________ complexes that use the energy from ATP hydrolysis to catalyze nucleosome sliding, making the DNA (available/not available) to other proteins in the cell.