Embryology Ch. eight

lines the internal and external body surfaces

What are the functions of epithelial tissue?

Closely grouped cells with little or no intercellular substance or tissue fluid

Are there blood vessels in epithelial tissue?

How does oxygen and nutrition get to epithelial tissue?

True or False. ephithelial cells have a very rapid turnover time. They reproduce by mitosis so they can grow back quickly.
True False

name 3 classification types of epithelial tissue?

only one layers of cells above the basement membrane

multiple layers of cells above the basement membrane

cells look like multiple layers because they are different heights, but each one contacts the basement membrane

What are 3 different shapes that epithelial cells come in?

flattened plate-like cells. Cell height is less than the cell width

cube-shaped cells. Cell height is equal to cell width

rectangular or tall cells. cell height is greater than cell width

toughl, fibrous, waterproof protein that blocks bacteria and is resistant to friction, and starts small at the bottom of the layers and moves upward and completely fills up at the end

the tissue always produces keratin because it is in a place of heavy use

the tissue doesn't produce keratin unless it is put under extra stress and needs the protection, then it becomes keratinized

What is an example of a structure in the mouth that gets keratinized?

locations of simple squamous epithelium?

locationof simple cuboidal epithelium?

location of simple columnar epithelium

location of psuedostratified epithelium

location of stratified squamous epithelium?

stratified epithelium is classified by the_____________layer, which is almost always______________.

location of stratified squamous epithelium?

the velcro between epithelim and connective tissue

produced by the epithelium and consists of 2 layers

What are the 2 layers of the basal lamina?

loop in the lamina lucida

clear layer of the basal lamina

dense layer of the lamina lucida

layer of the basement membrane that is procuced by the connective tissue, andsists of anchoring collogen fibers that loop into the reticular lamina

Order of tissue from superficial to deep including the basement membrane

What are the functions of connective tissue?

the most common cells in connective tissue, they secrete intercellular substance and various kinds of fibers

What are 3 types of fibers?

very strong, rope-like, strait fibers

Where are collagen fibers found?

squigly fibers that are able to stretch and then return to their original shape

Where are elastic fibers found?

very fine, hair-like fibers, look like net or mesh.

Where are reticular fibers found?

the intercellular substance and fibers secreted by the fibroblasts.

the matrix can create what?

Soft tissue types?

just deep to the epithelium, it has 2 layers which are:

cells, fibers, and intercellular substances that are loosely packed with blood vessels and nerves

what is the function of connective tissue papillae? And what type of connective tissue is it made up of?

tightly packed with tissue that consists mainly of protein fibers which make it very strong

very little matrix, just a lot of fat cells packed together

large number of elastic fibers for stretchy tissues

What is a type of firm connective tissue?

firm and non-calcified tissue, no blood vessels or nerve supply

This type of connective tissue;
forms the template of the skeleton - to be later mineralized
cushions bones in joints
structural support for soft tissues (i.e. the ear)

connective tissue that surrounds the cartilage, provides the blood and nerve supply for cartilage

Why does cartilage repair so slowly?

produce cartilage matrix and get caught in the matrix (similar to cementocytes)

The small space that surrounds each chondrocyte

what is a type of rigid connective tissue?

What 5 layers make up the macroscopic bone?

innermonst part of the bone where blood cells are produced

lines the bone marrow, similar to perichondrium

surrounds the bone marrow, it is spongy and forms a lattice called trabeculae which you can see radiographically

surrounds the cancellous bone, it is very dense

double layered connective tissue sheath that surround the entire bone. The outer layer contains blood vessels and nerves, the inner most layer contains bone forming cells

bone forming cells

What structures make up the microscopic bone?

canal in the microscopic bone for the blood vessels and nerves

surround the haversian canal and secrete a matrix called osteoid

the osteoid will calcify in sheets called what?

After we lay_____ to_______ layers of lamellae, we have an osteon.

Why does bone repair quickly?

inorganic substance in crystalline formation that mineralizes the bone

how much bone is mineralized? How much enamel is mineralized?

What is an example of a fluid connective tissue?

3 substances that make up blood

fluid substance in the blood that carries everything

substance in the blood that carries the oxygen

substance in the blood that functions as an immune response

What type of tissue is capable of contraction?

voluntary muscles controlled by the somatic nervous system. Striated muscle

involuntary muscles controlled by the autonomic nervous system. appears smooth

involuntary muscle controlled by the autonomic nervous system and are inerconnected to cause synchronized contraction (heart beat) striated muscle with inercollated discs

the functional cellular component of the nervous system

a bundle of neurons

junction between two neurons where impulses are transmitted

sensory nerve that carries information the brain (from body to brain)

motor nerve that carries commands from the brain to the body