Chapter 6

Totality of an organism's chemical reactions

Metbolic pathway that breaks down complex molecules to simpler compounds, releasing energy

Metabolic pathway that consumes energy to build complicated molecules from simpler ones

Capacity to do work

Energy of motion

Stored energy matter posses because of its location or structure

Potential energy stored in molecules as a result of their atomic arrangement

Study of energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter

Energy of the universe is constant, it cannot be created or destroyed

Energy transfer/transformation makes the universe more disordered or increases its entropy

Portion of a system's energy that can perform work

Reaction with a net release of free energy

Reaction that absorbs free enegy from surroundings

Reactions in a closed system will eventually reach equilibrium and can do no work

Use of exergonic porcess to drive endergonic process

Energy of cells

Recipient of phosphate group from ATP

Chemical agent that changes the rate of reaction without being consumed by the reaction

Catalytic Protein

Initial investment of energy for reaction, required to break bonds

Reactant enzyme acts on

Region of enzyme that binds to substrate

Brings chemical groups of active site to positions that enhance their ability to catalyze reactions

Non-protein helpers requried by many enzymes for catalytic activity

Cofactor that is an organic molecule

Reduce enzyme productivity by blocking substrates from entering active sites

Reduce enzyme productivity by binding to other parts of enzyme, causing the enzyme to change shape

Specific receptor stie on part of enzyme remote from active site

Switching off of metabolic pahtway by its end product

Amplifies response of enzymes to substrates

Measure of disorder/randomness

Study of how organisms manage their energy resources

Kinetic energy resulting from random movement of molecules

Matter under study

Energy/matter can be transfered between the system and its surroundings

Energy/matter cannot be transfered