GWS 102 Midterm

• organizes the world and everything in it with regard to the perceiver's desires and interest.
• ex: media representation of another country as primitive
• associated with: the construction of 'third world women/feminism'

• various socially and culturally constructed categories of discrimination interact on multiple levels, contributing to systematic social inequality.
• associated with: feminism

• A way of constructing and representing the regions, peoples and customs of the"orient" that:
• describes that region
• defines its opposite-the west
• emphasizes the link between power and knowledge
• legitimizes the "civilizing mission"

• When such representations are covered (cover minority communities only when acts of 'deviance' take place)
• How such representations are portrayed (devoid of social, political and historical context)

No one is a product of uncontaminated cultures

Third World (1955)

Third World (1955)

• Measured w/
• UN millennium report 2006
• world economic forum study 2005 & 2006
• -economic participation and opportunity
• -political empowerment
• -education attainment
• health and well being
• world bank development report 2006
• unicef gender inequality report 2007

• Mexico City, Mexico 1975
• Copenhagen, Denmark 1980
• Nairobi, Kenya 1985
• Beijing, China 1995

United Nations Decade for Women 1975-1985

• 2001-2003 Porto Alegre, Brazil
• 2004 Mumbai, India
• 2005 Porto Alegre, Brazil
• 2006 Karachi, Pakistan; Bamako, Mali, Caracas, Venezuela
• 2007 Nairobi, Kenya

The domination of a territory and its people by foreign power for an extended period of time.

related to colonialism

• ex. of objectification
• her representaion in the media
• her physical appearance was different than english women
• democrating a diff. btw. civilized women and savage women
• she was a commodity

The tribe Baartman belonged to

• Kinds of looking
• operates within a racial system that permits only some kind of looking

• High imperialism 1850-1915
• Mass-production of images of colonized peoples:
• live displays of primitive people at the exhibits
• photos/paintings

to bring the remote corners of the earth into amercan homes

images are constructed rather than found

• Coincided with the renewal of European expansion during seconf half of 19th century
• Originally designed to promote trade
• Attendance was spectacular

Ppl were set up as an exhibit with their surroundings being their "natural habitat"

expanded trade and commerce and the capitalist enterprise/market

• Macro-economic
• Steucturally adjust economy
• -rule of the market
• -privitization
• -trade liberalization
• Gendered Effects
• -sexual division of labor
• -feminization of poverty
• -women bear burden for reduced welfare
• -growing demand for global assembly line labor and for domestic care-based labor

Framework for gender development

Framework for gender development

Framework for gender development

• Trade liberalization
• Treaty
• An idealized market model in which trade of goods and services between countries flows unhindered by goverment-imposed tariffs and non-tariff barriers
• International "free trade" agreement
• US,Mexico, Canada

• Conference 1944
• The birth of the IMF,WTO, & the World Bank

• One of the pillars of IMF/WB economic policy
• Washington Consensus

• Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
• 1979

• The first Development Decade 1961-1970
• The second Development Decade 1970-1980
• The 4 UN womens world conferences1975-1985

• Trinity
• WB
• IMF
• WTO

• Tells us if were in a recession or not
• a measure of growth

• The rule of the market
• cutting public expenditures
• degregulation
• privitization
• emphasizing individual responsibility (rater than public good)

• An idealized market model in which trade of goods and services between
• countries flows unhindered by goverment-imposed tariffs and non-tariff
• barriers

• Do not help the local economy
• No export/import duties
• Tax free zone
• Low wage
• No unionization
• Relatively lax environmental/labor standards

A shop factory that includes long hours, low wages, hazardous working conditions, denial of basic human rights

Predominantly foreign-owned corporations that assemble products in Mexico using mexican labor and foreign inputs for subsequent export

• History of Maquiladoras
• was shutdown ;undocumented immigrants

AKA Maquiladora Program

Avenues of Capitalist Expansion

Avenues of Capitalist Expansion