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Medical Oxygen
Class:
Medical Gas
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Medical Oxygen
Action:
- Colorless, odorless, tasteless gas essential to respiration
- At sea level, oxygen makes up approximately 10% - 16% of venous blood and 17% - 21% of arterial blood
- Transported from the lungs to the body’s tissues attached to hemoglobin in the red blood cells
- Inhalation/administration will increase arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) and hemoglobin saturation
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Medical Oxygen
Contraindications:
None for emergency use.
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Medical Oxygen
Indications:
- Hypoxia from any cause
- Chest pain due to cardiac ischemia
- Altered level of consciousness
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Medical Oxygen
Adverse effects:
None
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Medical Oxygen
Dosing
(Onset,Duration,Adult Dosage,Pediatric Dosage,Route)
- Onset: immediate
- Duration: until administration ceases
- Dosage: Nasal Cannula: @ 1-6 L/min (24% - 40% O2 concentration)
- Simple & Pocket Mask: @ 6 – 10 L/min (40% - 60% O2 concentration)
- Partial/ Non-Rebreather (NRB): @ 10 – 15 L/min (up to 98% O2 concentration)
- Bag-Valve Mask (BVM): @ 10 – 15 L/min (up to 100% O2 concentration)
- Venturi Masks: @ 4 L/min (24% - 28% O2 concentration) @ 8 L/min (35% - 40% O2 concentration) Note: liter flow is dependent on the Venturi mask used.
- Route: Inhalation
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Interactions/Precautions:
- In some cases of COPD, oxygen administration may reduce the patient’s respiratory drive This is not a reason to withhold oxygen, but be prepared to assist ventilations.
- Oxygen that is not humidified may dry out or irritate mucous membranes
- Monitor long-term high flow in neonates as retrolental fibroplasia may develop
- Open flames
- 1 L/minute increase from 25% = 4% increase in dose
- Example:
- 1 L/minute = 25%
- 2 L/minute = 29%
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